National Agricultural Research Institute of Benin (INRAB), Abomey-Calavi, Republic of Benin.
Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University of Abomey-Calavi, Abomey-Calavi, Republic of Benin.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2021 Aug 13;53(4):434. doi: 10.1007/s11250-021-02857-2.
The current context of climate change requires the conservation of local zoogenetic resources already very well adapted to the traditional breeding system, rough feeding, and heat and cold stress. This study assessed genetic diversity in local pigs in southern Benin, as a prerequisite for their sustainable use and sustainable management in Benin. A total of 69 individuals including 54 local pigs, 7 Large-White, and 8 hybrids (local pigs × Bush-pig) were genotyped by using 17 microsatellite markers. On the average, 8.94 alleles were detected per locus. Average expected and observed heterozygosities were respectively 0.51 and 0.46. Polymorphic information content was 0.61, and genetic diversity was 0.53. A phylogenetic tree gathered local pigs into three genetic clusters. Genetic structural analyses revealed introgression of Large-White's genes into the local pig's genome. Three groups were identified: hybrids (subpopulation 1), a mixture of Large-White and local pigs (subpopulation 2), and only local pigs (subpopulation 3). Symmetrical allelic distances were higher between subpopulations 1 and 2 (0.787) and then 1 and 3 (0.713). The same trend was detected for genetic distances between pairs of subpopulations. Genetic differentiation between subpopulations 2 and 3 was very weak as a consequence of high gene flow (10.82). Molecular variance analysis showed that 77% of genetic diversity within populations was related to variability between the individuals. These results showed that local pigs in southern Benin are threatened by genetic erosion and suggest prompt actions to implement sustainable conservation strategies.
当前的气候变化背景要求保护那些已经非常适应传统养殖系统、粗放饲养和热冷应激的本地动物遗传资源。本研究评估了贝宁南部本地猪的遗传多样性，这是其可持续利用和可持续管理的前提。共对 69 个个体（包括 54 头本地猪、7 头大白猪和 8 头杂种猪（本地猪×野猪））进行了基因分型，使用了 17 个微卫星标记。平均每个座位检测到 8.94 个等位基因。平均预期和观察杂合度分别为 0.51 和 0.46。多态信息含量为 0.61，遗传多样性为 0.53。系统发育树将本地猪分为三个遗传群。遗传结构分析显示，大白猪的基因已渗入本地猪的基因组中。确定了三个群体：杂种猪（亚群 1）、大白猪和本地猪的混合物（亚群 2）和仅本地猪（亚群 3）。亚群 1 和 2（0.787）之间以及亚群 1 和 3（0.713）之间的对称等位基因距离更高。对亚群之间成对遗传距离的分析也得出了相同的趋势。亚群 2 和 3 之间的遗传分化非常微弱，这是由于基因流动较高（10.82）。分子方差分析表明，种群内 77%的遗传多样性与个体之间的变异性有关。这些结果表明，贝宁南部的本地猪受到遗传侵蚀的威胁，并建议立即采取行动，实施可持续的保护策略。
