College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar; Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar; College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar; College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2021 Nov;178:113908. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113908. Epub 2021 Aug 11.
Drug delivery systems or vectors are usually needed to improve the bioavailability and effectiveness of a drug through improving its pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics at an organ, tissue or cellular level. However, emerging technologies with sensitive readouts as well as a greater understanding of physiological/biological systems have revealed that polymeric drug delivery systems are not biologically inert but can have innate or intrinsic biological actions. In this article, we review the emerging multiple innate biological/toxicological properties of naked polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer delivery systems in the absence of any drug cargo and discuss their correlation with the defined physicochemical properties of PAMAMs in terms of molecular size (generation), architecture, surface charge and chemistry. Further, we assess whether any of the reported intrinsic biological actions of PAMAMs such as their antimicrobial activity or their ability to sequester glucose and modulate key protein interactions or cell signaling pathways, can be exploited clinically such as in the treatment of diabetes and its complications.
药物传递系统或载体通常需要通过改善药物在器官、组织或细胞水平上的药代动力学/药效学来提高药物的生物利用度和疗效。然而，具有敏感读数的新兴技术以及对生理/生物学系统的更深入了解表明，聚合物药物传递系统并非没有生物活性，而是可以具有内在或固有生物学作用。在本文中，我们综述了裸露的聚酰胺-胺（PAMAM）树枝状大分子传递系统在没有任何药物载体的情况下的新兴多种固有生物学/毒理学特性，并讨论了它们与 PAMAMs 的定义物理化学性质（分子大小（代）、结构、表面电荷和化学性质）之间的相关性。此外，我们评估了 PAMAMs 的任何报道的固有生物学作用，例如其抗菌活性或结合葡萄糖并调节关键蛋白质相互作用或细胞信号转导途径的能力，是否可以在临床上得到利用，例如在治疗糖尿病及其并发症方面。
