Dorrigiv Mahyar, Zareiyan Armin, Hosseinzadeh Hossein
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Public Health Department, Nursing Faculty at Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Iran J Pharm Res. 2021 Winter;20(1):3-26. doi: 10.22037/ijpr.2020.112773.13940.
Onion () is a member of the family Amaryllidaceae and one of the most widely cultivated species of the genus . Onion has plentiful chemical compounds such as allicin, quercetin, fisetin, other sulphurous compounds: diallyl disulphide and diallyl trisulphide. Onion and its main components in specific doses have shown a lot of benefits including free-radical scavenging and antioxidant properties, anticholesterolemic, anti-heavy metals toxicity, antihyperuricemia, antimicrobial, anti-gastric ulcer, and anticancer. This study summarizes numerous and animal studies on the protective effects of onion against natural and chemical toxicities. Onion and its main components can ameliorate the toxicity of chemical agents in kidney, liver, brain, blood, heart, reproductive system, embryo, pancreas through reducing lipid peroxidation, antioxidant effect, radical-scavenging, anti-inflammatory, chelating agent, cytoprotective activities, increasing protein synthesis in damaged tissues, suppressing apoptosis, as well as modulation of PKC-𝜀/p38MAPK, Wnt/beta-Catenin, ERK, JNK, p38 MAPK, Bcl-2, Bax, and NF-κB signaling pathways.
洋葱（）是石蒜科的一员，也是该属中种植最广泛的物种之一。洋葱含有丰富的化合物，如大蒜素、槲皮素、非瑟酮以及其他含硫化合物：二烯丙基二硫化物和二烯丙基三硫化物。特定剂量的洋葱及其主要成分已显示出许多益处，包括清除自由基和抗氧化特性、抗胆固醇、抗重金属毒性、抗高尿酸血症、抗菌、抗胃溃疡和抗癌。本研究总结了大量关于洋葱对自然和化学毒性保护作用的人体和动物研究。洋葱及其主要成分可通过减少脂质过氧化、抗氧化作用、清除自由基、抗炎、螯合剂、细胞保护活性、增加受损组织中的蛋白质合成、抑制细胞凋亡以及调节PKC-ε/p38MAPK、Wnt/β-连环蛋白、ERK、JNK、p38 MAPK、Bcl-2、Bax和NF-κB信号通路，改善化学物质对肾脏、肝脏、大脑、血液、心脏、生殖系统、胚胎、胰腺的毒性。
