Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-1392, USA.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Aug 6;22(16):8458. doi: 10.3390/ijms22168458.
species transfer DNA (T-DNA) to plant cells where it may integrate into plant chromosomes. The process of integration is thought to involve invasion and ligation of T-DNA, or its copying, into nicks or breaks in the host genome. Integrated T-DNA often contains, at its junctions with plant DNA, deletions of T-DNA or plant DNA, filler DNA, and/or microhomology between T-DNA and plant DNA pre-integration sites. T-DNA integration is also often associated with major plant genome rearrangements, including inversions and translocations. These characteristics are similar to those often found after repair of DNA breaks, and thus DNA repair mechanisms have frequently been invoked to explain the mechanism of T-DNA integration. However, the involvement of specific plant DNA repair proteins and proteins in integration remains controversial, with numerous contradictory results reported in the literature. In this review I discuss this literature and comment on many of these studies. I conclude that either multiple known DNA repair pathways can be used for integration, or that some yet unknown pathway must exist to facilitate T-DNA integration into the plant genome.
将物种转移 DNA（T-DNA）转移到植物细胞中，它可能整合到植物染色体中。整合的过程被认为涉及 T-DNA 的入侵和连接，或其在宿主基因组中的复制、缺口或断裂。整合的 T-DNA 通常在与植物 DNA 的连接处包含 T-DNA 或植物 DNA 的缺失、填充 DNA 和/或 T-DNA 和植物 DNA 预整合位点之间的微同源性。T-DNA 整合也常与主要的植物基因组重排有关，包括倒位和易位。这些特征与 DNA 断裂修复后经常发现的特征相似，因此经常援引 DNA 修复机制来解释 T-DNA 整合的机制。然而，特定的植物 DNA 修复蛋白和 蛋白在整合中的参与仍然存在争议，文献中有许多相互矛盾的结果。在这篇综述中，我讨论了这一文献，并对其中的许多研究进行了评论。我得出的结论是，要么可以使用多种已知的 DNA 修复途径进行整合，要么必须存在一些未知的途径来促进 T-DNA 整合到植物基因组中。
