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简单的浓缩方法可使通过 PCR 诊断 COVID-19 时使用漱口液和漱口水代替鼻咽拭子采样。

Simple concentration method enables the use of gargle and mouthwash instead of nasopharyngeal swab sampling for the diagnosis of COVID-19 by PCR.

机构信息

School of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Acibadem University, Istanbul, Turkey.

Department of Medical Biotechnology, Institute of Health Sciences, Acibadem University, Istanbul, Turkey.

出版信息

Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2021 Dec;40(12):2617-2622. doi: 10.1007/s10096-021-04326-y. Epub 2021 Aug 26.

Abstract

Since its emergence in December 2019, SARS-CoV-2 is causing one of the most devastating pandemics in human history. Currently, the most important method for definitive diagnosis of COVID-19 is identification of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in nasopharyngeal swab samples by RT-PCR. Nasopharyngeal swab sampling is a discomforting procedure sometimes with adverse effects, which also poses a risk for infection for the personnel performing the sampling. We have developed a new method for concentrating biological samples, which enabled us to use gargle and mouthwash samples to be used in RT-PCR, for the diagnosis of COVID-19, as an alternative to nasopharyngeal swab samples. We have analyzed nasopharyngeal and gargle and mouthwash samples, before and after concentration, of 363 patients by RT-PCR for the presence of SARS-CoV-2. Among 114 patients in which SARS-CoV-2 was identified in at least one of their samples, the virus was identified in 76 (66.7%), 67 (58.8%), and 101 (88.6%) of nasopharyngeal swab, gargle, and mouthwash samples before and after concentration, respectively. When concentrated by our new method, gargle and mouthwash samples can be used instead of nasopharyngeal samples in identification of SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR, with the same or better sensitivity. Eliminating the need for nasopharyngeal sampling will save the patients from an invasive and painful procedure and will lower the risk of infection for the healthcare personnel taking the sample. This easy sampling procedure may decrease the workload of hospitals, shorten the turnaround time of obtaining test results, and thus enable rapid isolation of infected patients.

摘要

自 2019 年 12 月出现以来,SARS-CoV-2 正在引发人类历史上最具破坏性的大流行之一。目前,COVID-19 的明确诊断最重要的方法是通过 RT-PCR 检测鼻咽拭子样本中的 SARS-CoV-2 RNA。鼻咽拭子采样是一种令人不适的程序,有时会产生不良反应,而且对于进行采样的人员也存在感染风险。我们开发了一种浓缩生物样本的新方法,使我们能够使用漱口和口腔冲洗样本代替鼻咽拭子样本,通过 RT-PCR 用于 COVID-19 的诊断。我们通过 RT-PCR 分析了 363 名患者的鼻咽和漱口及口腔冲洗样本,以检测 SARS-CoV-2 的存在。在至少有一个样本中检测到 SARS-CoV-2 的 114 名患者中,病毒分别在鼻咽拭子、漱口和口腔冲洗样本的浓缩前和浓缩后被分别鉴定为 76(66.7%)、67(58.8%)和 101(88.6%)。通过我们的新方法浓缩后,漱口和口腔冲洗样本可代替鼻咽样本,用于 RT-PCR 检测 SARS-CoV-2,具有相同或更好的敏感性。消除鼻咽采样的需要将使患者免受侵入性和痛苦的程序,并降低采样医务人员的感染风险。这种简单的采样程序可能会减轻医院的工作量,缩短获得检测结果的周转时间,从而能够快速隔离感染患者。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4313/8390065/80ba3004bb0f/10096_2021_4326_Fig1_HTML.jpg

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