Harvard Medical School, and Division of Immunology, Division of Gastroenterology, Boston Children's Hospital, United States.
Curr Opin Virol. 2021 Oct;50:119-127. doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2021.08.004. Epub 2021 Aug 17.
Type I and type III interferons are among the most potent anti-viral cytokines produced by the immune system. The recent outbreak of SARS-CoV-2, which causes COVID-19, underscores the vital role of these cytokines in controlling the virus and dictating disease severity. Here we delineate the pathways that lead to interferon production in response to SARS-CoV-2 encounter, and elucidate how this virus hinders the production and action of these cytokines; we also highlight that these interferon families serve protective as well as detrimental roles in patients with COVID-19, and conclude that a better understanding of the time, dose, localization, and activity of specific members of the interferon families is imperative for designing more efficient therapeutic interventions against this disease.
I 型和 III 型干扰素是免疫系统产生的最有效的抗病毒细胞因子之一。最近爆发的导致 COVID-19 的 SARS-CoV-2 病毒凸显了这些细胞因子在控制病毒和决定疾病严重程度方面的重要作用。在这里，我们描述了 SARS-CoV-2 感染后诱导干扰素产生的途径，并阐明了该病毒如何阻碍这些细胞因子的产生和作用；我们还强调了这些干扰素家族在 COVID-19 患者中具有保护和有害作用，并得出结论，更好地了解干扰素家族特定成员的时间、剂量、定位和活性对于设计针对这种疾病的更有效的治疗干预措施至关重要。
