Al Dossary Reem A, Alnafie Awatif N, Aljaroodi Salma Ali, Rahman Jawad Ur, Hunasemarada Basavaraj C, Alkharsah Khaled R
Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University (IAU), Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Fahad Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
J Multidiscip Healthc. 2021 Aug 27;14:2381-2390. doi: 10.2147/JMDH.S328029. eCollection 2021.
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) causes acute hepatitis in humans and constitutes a major problem for immunocompromised patients, patients with hematological diseases, and pregnant women. It is transmitted mainly through fecal oral route; however, transmission through blood and blood products is reported globally and becoming a health concern. We sought to determine the prevalence of HEV among blood donors in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia using molecular as well as serological assays to assess the safety of blood transfusion and the need for HEV screening among blood donors.
A total of 806 whole blood samples were collected from blood donors between May and November 2020 and tested for anti-HEV IgG and IgM antibodies by ELISA and for HEV RNA by RT-PCR.
The overall seroprevalence of HEV IgG antibodies was 3.2% with no statistically significant difference between the non-Saudis (3.28%) and Saudis (3.17%) (p value 0.929) or between males (3.14%) and females (4.88%) (p value 0.527). None of the IgG positive individuals had IgM antibodies. HEV RNA was not detected in any of the blood donors.
HEV seroprevalence is low among blood donors in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia and may constitute minimal risk for transfusion associated infections.
戊型肝炎病毒（HEV）可导致人类急性肝炎，对于免疫功能低下患者、血液系统疾病患者及孕妇而言是一个重大问题。其主要通过粪口途径传播；然而，全球均有通过血液及血液制品传播的报道，这已成为一个健康问题。我们试图通过分子及血清学检测方法来确定沙特阿拉伯东部省份献血者中HEV的流行情况，以评估输血安全性及献血者中进行HEV筛查的必要性。
2020年5月至11月期间，共采集了806份来自献血者的全血样本，通过酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA）检测抗HEV IgG和IgM抗体，并通过逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）检测HEV RNA。
HEV IgG抗体的总体血清阳性率为3.2%，非沙特人（3.28%）和沙特人（3.17%）之间无统计学显著差异（p值0.929），男性（3.14%）和女性（4.88%）之间也无统计学显著差异（p值0.527）。IgG阳性个体均无IgM抗体。所有献血者中均未检测到HEV RNA。
沙特阿拉伯东部省份献血者中HEV血清阳性率较低，可能构成输血相关感染的最小风险。
