Laboratorio de Metagenómica Bacteriana, Centro de Biotecnología Acuícola, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Laboratorio de Virología, Centro de Biotecnología Acuícola, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Front Immunol. 2021 Aug 12;12:696781. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.696781. eCollection 2021.
In salmon farming, viruses are responsible for outbreaks that produce significant economic losses for which there is a lack of control tools other than vaccines. Type I interferon has been successfully used for treating some chronic viral infections in humans. However, its application in salmonids depends on the proper design of a vehicle that allows its massive administration, ideally orally. In mammals, administration of recombinant probiotics capable of expressing cytokines has shown local and systemic therapeutic effects. In this work, we evaluate the use of as a type I Interferon expression system in Atlantic salmon, and we analyze its ability to stimulate the antiviral immune response against IPNV, and . The interferon expressed in , even though it was located mainly in the bacterial cytoplasm, was functional, stimulating Mx and PKR expression in CHSE-214 cells, and reducing the IPNV viral load in SHK-1 cells. , the oral administration of this producer of Interferon I increases Mx and PKR expression, mainly in the spleen, and to a lesser extent, in the head kidney. The oral administration of this strain also reduces the IPNV viral load in Atlantic salmon specimens challenged with this pathogen. Our results show that oral administration of producing Interferon I induces systemic effects in Atlantic salmon, allowing to stimulate the antiviral immune response. This probiotic could have effects against a wide variety of viruses that infect Atlantic salmon and also be effective in other salmonids due to the high identity among their type I interferons.
在鲑鱼养殖中，病毒是引发疫情的罪魁祸首，这些疫情会给养殖业造成重大经济损失，而目前除了疫苗之外，几乎没有其他控制工具。I 型干扰素已成功用于治疗人类的一些慢性病毒感染。然而，其在鲑鱼中的应用取决于载体的合理设计，以便能够大规模进行给药，理想的给药途径是口服。在哺乳动物中，给予能够表达细胞因子的重组益生菌已显示出局部和全身的治疗效果。在这项工作中，我们评估了将 作为 I 型干扰素表达系统在大西洋鲑鱼中的应用，并分析其刺激针对 IPNV、 和 的抗病毒免疫反应的能力。在 中表达的干扰素，尽管主要位于细菌细胞质中，但具有功能，可刺激 CHSE-214 细胞中的 Mx 和 PKR 表达，并降低 SHK-1 细胞中的 IPNV 病毒载量。通过口服这种 I 型干扰素的生产者 ，可增加 Mx 和 PKR 的表达，主要在脾脏中，其次是在头肾中。这种菌株的口服给药还可降低经该病原体攻毒的大西洋鲑鱼标本中的 IPNV 病毒载量。我们的结果表明，口服 I 型干扰素产生的 可在大西洋鲑鱼中诱导全身效应，从而刺激抗病毒免疫反应。这种益生菌可能对感染大西洋鲑鱼的多种病毒具有作用，并且由于其 I 型干扰素之间的高度同源性，在其他鲑鱼中也可能有效。
