Department of Paediatric Pneumology and Allergology, Santa Lucía General University Hospital, Cartagena, Spain;
Department of Statistics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 2021 Sep 1;49(5):106-112. doi: 10.15586/aei.v49i5.438. eCollection 2021.
Asthma is the most prevalent chronic disease in childhood. However, the latest data on its prevalence in Spain are from Phase III of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC), 2004. The objective of our study was to assess the prevalence of asthma symptoms, severity and diagnosis in the paediatric population aged between 13 and 14 years in the province of Salamanca.
Cross-sectional multicentre study carried out in 2017-2018 in 13-and 14-year-old school children in the province of Salamanca as a centre participating in of the Global Asthma Network (GAN) Phase I. The standardised validated written questionnaire and that directed by a video was administered; it was self-completed by the pupils.
A total of 3485 questionnaires were completed, and the pupils' participation rate was 95.01%. Among the total, 25.7% indicated having had wheeze ever (20.7% in the video questionnaire); 14.7% indicated having had wheeze in the past 12 months (11.3% in the video questionnaire). The prevalence of current wheeze that limited speech was 3.9% (7.5% in the video questionnaire) and the current prevalence of severe wheeze was 6.5%. Regarding asthma diagnosis, 19.7% of the sample answered that they had had asthma ever, whilst 14.0% referred to having physician-diagnosed asthma. The agreement between the written questionnaire and that directed by video was acceptable for the questions of wheeze ever (Cohen Kappa index [k] = 0.53) and current wheeze (k = 0.42).
The prevalence of current asthma (wheeze in the past 12 months) in the population aged 13 and 14 years in the province of Salamanca is higher compared with that presented in 2004 in Spain, but similar to that described at the world level (low-moderate level), according to the ISAAC Phase III studies.
哮喘是儿童中最常见的慢性疾病。然而，西班牙关于其最新流行数据来自于 2004 年国际儿童哮喘和过敏研究（ISAAC）第三阶段。我们的研究目的是评估萨拉曼卡省 13 至 14 岁儿童哮喘症状、严重程度和诊断的流行情况。
这是 2017-2018 年在萨拉曼卡省作为全球哮喘网络（GAN）第一阶段参与中心的 13 至 14 岁学龄儿童中进行的一项横断面多中心研究。使用标准化验证过的书面问卷和视频指导的问卷进行调查；由学生自行填写。
共完成了 3485 份问卷，学生的参与率为 95.01%。在总样本中，25.7%表示曾有过喘息（视频问卷中为 20.7%）；14.7%表示过去 12 个月内有过喘息（视频问卷中为 11.3%）。目前限制言语的喘息流行率为 3.9%（视频问卷中为 7.5%），目前严重喘息的流行率为 6.5%。关于哮喘诊断，19.7%的样本回答曾有过哮喘，而 14.0%的人提到过医生诊断的哮喘。书面问卷和视频问卷在喘息曾有过（Cohen Kappa 指数[k] = 0.53）和当前喘息（k = 0.42）的问题上具有可接受的一致性。
萨拉曼卡省 13 至 14 岁人群中当前哮喘（过去 12 个月内喘息）的流行率高于 2004 年西班牙报告的流行率，但与 ISAAC 第三阶段研究报告的全球水平（低-中度水平）相似。
