Alomary Shaker A, Althagafi Wael A, Al Madani Ahmed J, Adam Izzeldin F, Elsherif Omneya E, Al-Abdullaah Aljoharah A, Aljahdali Hamdan H, Jokhdar Hani A, Alqahtani Saeed H, Nahhas Mahmoud A, Alfawaz Rasha A, Alangari Abdullah A
General Directorate of Health Programs and Chronic Diseases, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Epidemiology, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
J Allergy Clin Immunol Glob. 2022 Sep 7;1(4):241-247. doi: 10.1016/j.jacig.2022.07.006. eCollection 2022 Nov.
Asthma disease is one of the most common chronic diseases of childhood. Studies assessing asthma prevalence in Saudi Arabia have been variable and not recently updated.
We sought to assess asthma prevalence, severity, and related risk factors among children and adolescents in Saudi Arabia.
A national, cross-sectional design was used following the Global Asthma Network phase I design. A total of 3817 children aged 6 to 7 years and 4138 adolescents aged 13 to 14 years were recruited from 137 primary and 140 intermediate schools across 20 regions by using a multistage stratified cluster sampling technique. Standardized written questionnaires were answered by the adolescents and by the parents or guardians of the children. The adolescents also answered a video-based questionnaire.
Overall, the prevalences of current wheeze were 10.4% and 13.3% and the prevalences of asthma ever were 13.8% and 15.7%, % in children and adolescents, respectively. Of all the children and adolescents, 5.2% and 5.6% had symptoms of severe asthma, respectively. Among those who reported asthma, 86.0% of the children and 74.8% of the adolescents had their asthma confirmed by a doctor, and 53.0% and 32.4%, respectively, were provided with a written plan to control their asthma. The main risk factors associated with current wheeze included antibiotic use in the first year of life, a history of being diagnosed with pneumonia in children, paracetamol use, and having a cat at home during the past 12 months in adolescents.
The prevalence of asthma in children and adolescents in Saudi Arabia is within the average international range and is at a plateau phase.
哮喘病是儿童期最常见的慢性病之一。评估沙特阿拉伯哮喘患病率的研究结果各异，且最近未更新。
我们旨在评估沙特阿拉伯儿童和青少年的哮喘患病率、严重程度及相关危险因素。
采用全球哮喘网络第一阶段设计的全国性横断面研究。通过多阶段分层整群抽样技术，从20个地区的137所小学和140所初中招募了3817名6至7岁儿童和4138名13至14岁青少年。青少年以及儿童的父母或监护人回答标准化书面问卷。青少年还回答了基于视频的问卷。
总体而言，儿童和青少年当前喘息的患病率分别为10.4%和13.3%，曾患哮喘的患病率分别为13.8%和15.7%。所有儿童和青少年中，分别有5.2%和5.6%有严重哮喘症状。在报告患有哮喘的人群中，86.0%的儿童和74.8%的青少年经医生确诊，分别有53.0%和32.4%获得了控制哮喘的书面计划。与当前喘息相关的主要危险因素包括1岁以内使用抗生素、儿童期有肺炎诊断史、使用对乙酰氨基酚以及青少年在过去12个月内家中养猫。
沙特阿拉伯儿童和青少年的哮喘患病率处于国际平均范围内，且处于平稳阶段。
