Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Hospitals, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
BMC Oral Health. 2021 Sep 4;21(1):427. doi: 10.1186/s12903-021-01792-w.
Dental radiographs are essential tools for diagnosis. However, there are significant concerns about the dangerous effect of radiation especially on children. The aim of this study was to evaluate genotoxicity and cytotoxicity in the exfoliated cells of buccal mucosa of children subjected to Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT).
The study included 18 healthy children aged (9-12 years) who were exposed to CBCT. All CBCT scans were performed with the i-CAT CBCT. Exfoliated buccal cells were scraped from the left and right cheek immediately before the exposure, after 10 ± 2 days, and after 1 month. Cells were stained using Feulgen/fast green stain and examined under light microscopy. Genotoxicity (Micronuclei) and cytotoxicity (condensed chromatin, karyorrhexis, pyknosis, and karyolysis) were scored. Statistical analysis was performed using the McNemar test, Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test, and Mann-Whitney U test at a significance level of p < 0.05.
There were statistically significant differences in the mean percentages of micronuclei, condensed chromatin, karyorrhexis, pyknosis, and karyolysis before and 10 ± 2 days after the CBCT scan (p < 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the frequency of micronuclei, condensed chromatin, karyorrhexis, or pyknosis before and 1 month after the exposure (p > 0.05) except for karyolysis (p < 0.05).
CBCT may induce genotoxicity and cytotoxicity in buccal mucosa cells of children. Therefore, CBCT should not be prescribed unless necessary as it cannot be considered a risk-free procedure.
牙科 X 光片是诊断的重要工具。然而，人们对辐射的危险影响，尤其是对儿童的影响，存在着极大的担忧。本研究旨在评估儿童接受锥形束 CT（CBCT）后颊黏膜脱落细胞的遗传毒性和细胞毒性。
本研究纳入了 18 名（9-12 岁）健康儿童，他们接受了 CBCT 检查。所有的 CBCT 扫描均使用 i-CAT CBCT 进行。在暴露前、暴露后 10 ± 2 天和 1 个月时，从左右脸颊刮取脱落的颊黏膜细胞。用 Feulgen/fast green 染色法对细胞进行染色，在光学显微镜下观察。对遗传毒性（微核）和细胞毒性（浓缩染色质、核碎裂、固缩和核溶解）进行评分。使用 McNemar 检验、Wilcoxon 符号秩检验和 Mann-Whitney U 检验进行统计分析，显著性水平为 p < 0.05。
在 CBCT 扫描前后 10 ± 2 天，微核、浓缩染色质、核碎裂、固缩和核溶解的平均百分比有统计学差异（p < 0.05）。在暴露前后 1 个月，微核、浓缩染色质、核碎裂或固缩的频率无统计学差异（p > 0.05），但核溶解有统计学差异（p < 0.05）。
CBCT 可能会引起儿童颊黏膜细胞的遗传毒性和细胞毒性。因此，除非必要，否则不应开 CBCT 检查，因为它不能被认为是一种无风险的程序。
