Contractor Ateka A, Weiss Nicole H, Shea M Tracie
Department of Psychology, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA.
Department of Psychology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA.
J Psychother Integr. 2021 Jun;31(2):195-207. doi: 10.1037/int0000239. Epub 2020 Jul 6.
Despite substantial evidence linking posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and positive memory processes, existing trauma research and clinical work focuses primarily on traumatic memories. In light of this limitation, Contractor and colleagues proposed a conceptual model linking PTSD to positive memories; this provided the backdrop to develop a manualized positive memory therapy protocol for trauma-exposed individuals (Processing of Positive Memories Technique; PPMT). In the current study, we first present justification for developing PPMT by outlining the role of positive memories in trauma theories, as well as empirical evidence and intervention research linking trauma/PTSD to positive memory processes. Next, we provide information on the preliminary PPMT protocol by outlining (1) theoretical foundations; (2) intervention strategies PPMT draws from; (3) objectives; and (4) a session-by-session description of goals, content, and homework assignments. Finally, we end by highlighting some (1) unique features and advantages of PPMT such as integrating well-supported experimental and cognitive psychology research into intervention research, bridging the gap between basic science and applied research, and being tailored to PTSD's unique symptomatology; and (2) directions for future research. The aim of this paper was to provide a primer on PPMT to facilitate its empirical examination and applicability in PTSD research and clinical work.
尽管有大量证据表明创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)与积极记忆过程有关,但现有的创伤研究和临床工作主要集中在创伤记忆上。鉴于这一局限性,承包商及其同事提出了一个将PTSD与积极记忆联系起来的概念模型;这为为遭受创伤的个体开发一种手册化的积极记忆治疗方案(积极记忆处理技术;PPMT)提供了背景。在当前的研究中,我们首先通过概述积极记忆在创伤理论中的作用,以及将创伤/PTSD与积极记忆过程联系起来的实证证据和干预研究,来阐述开发PPMT的理由。接下来,我们通过概述(1)理论基础;(2)PPMT借鉴的干预策略;(3)目标;以及(4)逐节描述目标、内容和家庭作业,来提供关于初步PPMT方案的信息。最后,我们通过强调PPMT的一些(1)独特特征和优势来结束本文,例如将得到充分支持的实验和认知心理学研究整合到干预研究中,弥合基础科学与应用研究之间的差距,并针对PTSD的独特症状进行量身定制;以及(2)未来研究的方向。本文的目的是提供一份关于PPMT的入门指南,以促进其在PTSD研究和临床工作中的实证检验和适用性。