Golden James, Mazzotta Catherine M, Zittel-Barr Kimberly
Social Work Department, Buffalo State College SUNY, 1300 Elmwood Ave, Buffalo, NY 14222 USA.
J Acad Ethics. 2023;21(1):71-82. doi: 10.1007/s10805-021-09438-w. Epub 2021 Aug 29.
Several widely publicized incidents of academic research misconduct, combined with the politicization of the role of science in public health and policy discourse (e.g., COVID, immunizations) threaten to undermine faith in the integrity of empirical research. Researchers often maintain that peer-review and study replication allow the field to self-police and self-correct; however, stark disparities between official reports of academic research misconduct and self-reports of academic researchers, specifically with regard to data fabrication, belie this argument. Further, systemic imperatives in academic settings often incentivize institutional responses that focus on minimizing reputational harm rather than the impact of fabricated data on the integrity of extant and future research.
几起被广泛曝光的学术研究不当行为事件,再加上科学在公共卫生和政策讨论中的作用被政治化(例如新冠疫情、疫苗接种),有可能破坏人们对实证研究诚信的信心。研究人员常称同行评审和研究复现能让该领域进行自我监督和自我纠正;然而,学术研究不当行为的官方报告与学术研究人员的自我报告之间存在明显差异,尤其是在数据造假方面,这一说法难以成立。此外,学术环境中的系统性需求往往促使机构做出的回应侧重于将声誉损害降至最低,而非关注伪造数据对现有及未来研究诚信的影响。