Division of Global Migration and Quarantine, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America.
Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2021 Sep 7;16(9):e0254287. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254287. eCollection 2021.
Dog importation data from 2018-2020 were evaluated to ascertain whether the dog importation patterns in the United States changed during the COVID-19 pandemic, specifically with regard to denial of entry. Dog denial of entry reports from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2020, stored within the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Quarantine Activity Reporting System (QARS), were reviewed. Basic descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data. Reason for denial, country of origin, and month of importation were all examined to determine which countries of origin resulted in the largest number of denials, and whether there was a seasonal change in importations during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020), compared to previous years (2018 and 2019). During 2020, CDC denied entry to 458 dogs. This represents a 52% increase in dogs denied entry compared to the averages in 2018 and 2019. Dogs were primarily denied entry for falsified rabies vaccination certificates (56%). Three countries exported 74% of all dogs denied entry into the United States, suggesting that targeted interventions may be needed for certain countries. Increased attempts to import inadequately vaccinated dogs from countries with canine rabies in 2020 may have been due to the increased demand for domestic pets during the COVID-19 pandemic. Educational messaging should highlight the risk of rabies and the importance of making informed pet purchases from foreign entities to protect pet owners, their families, and the public.
评估了 2018 年至 2020 年的犬只进口数据，以确定美国在 COVID-19 大流行期间（尤其是在入境拒绝方面）的犬只进口模式是否发生了变化。对 2018 年 1 月 1 日至 2020 年 12 月 31 日期间存储在疾病预防控制中心（CDC）检疫活动报告系统（QARS）中的犬只入境拒绝报告进行了审查。使用基本描述性统计数据对数据进行了分析。检查了拒绝入境的原因、原产国和进口月份，以确定哪些原产国导致了最多的拒绝入境，并确定与前几年（2018 年和 2019 年）相比，COVID-19 大流行期间（2020 年）的进口是否存在季节性变化。2020 年，CDC 拒绝了 458 只犬只入境。这与 2018 年和 2019 年的平均水平相比，入境被拒绝的犬只数量增加了 52%。犬只主要因伪造狂犬病疫苗接种证书而被拒绝入境（56%）。三个国家出口的犬只占美国所有被拒绝入境犬只的 74%，这表明可能需要针对某些国家采取有针对性的干预措施。2020 年，来自存在犬类狂犬病国家的试图进口未充分接种疫苗的犬只数量增加，这可能是由于 COVID-19 大流行期间对国内宠物的需求增加所致。教育信息应强调狂犬病的风险，以及从外国实体购买宠物时做出明智选择的重要性，以保护宠物主人、他们的家人和公众的安全。
