Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
Microb Cell Fact. 2021 Sep 8;20(1):178. doi: 10.1186/s12934-021-01671-7.
Bio-mining microorganisms are a key factor affecting the metal recovery rate of bio-leaching, which inevitably produces an extremely acidic environment. As a powerful tool for exploring the adaptive mechanisms of microorganisms in extreme environments, omics technologies can greatly aid our understanding of bio-mining microorganisms and their communities on the gene, mRNA, and protein levels. These omics technologies have their own advantages in exploring microbial diversity, adaptive evolution, changes in metabolic characteristics, and resistance mechanisms of single strains or their communities to extreme environments. These technologies can also be used to discover potential new genes, enzymes, metabolites, metabolic pathways, and species. In addition, integrated multi-omics analysis can link information at different biomolecular levels, thereby obtaining more accurate and complete global adaptation mechanisms of bio-mining microorganisms. This review introduces the current status and future trends in the application of omics technologies in the study of bio-mining microorganisms and their communities in extreme environments.
生物采矿微生物是影响生物浸出金属回收率的关键因素，这不可避免地会产生极其酸性的环境。组学技术作为探索微生物在极端环境中适应机制的有力工具，可以极大地帮助我们了解生物采矿微生物及其群落在基因、mRNA 和蛋白质水平上的情况。这些组学技术在探索微生物多样性、适应性进化、代谢特征变化以及单菌株或其群落对极端环境的抗性机制方面各有优势。这些技术还可用于发现潜在的新基因、酶、代谢物、代谢途径和物种。此外，综合多组学分析可以将不同生物分子水平的信息联系起来，从而获得更准确和完整的生物采矿微生物的全球适应机制。本综述介绍了组学技术在研究极端环境中生物采矿微生物及其群落方面的应用现状和未来趋势。
