State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, China.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2021 Oct;105(19):7141-7160. doi: 10.1007/s00253-021-11555-w. Epub 2021 Sep 11.
Soil microbiomes are extremely complex, with dense networks of interconnected microbial species underpinning vital functions for the ecosystem. In advanced agricultural research, rhizosphere microbiome engineering is gaining much attention, as the microbial community has been acknowledged to be a crucial partner of associated plants for their health fitness and yield. However, single or combined effects of a wide range of soil biotic and abiotic factors impact the success of engineered microbiomes, as these microbial communities exhibit uneven structural and functional networks in diverse soil conditions. Therefore, once a deep understanding of major influential factors and corresponding microbial responses is developed, the microbiome can be more effectively manipulated and optimized for cropping benefits. In this mini-review, we propose the concept of a microbiome-mediated smart agriculture system (MiMSAS). We summarize some of the advanced strategies for engineering the rhizosphere microbiome to withstand the stresses imposed by dominant abiotic and biotic factors. This work will help the scientific community gain more clarity about engineered microbiome technologies for increasing crop productivity and environmental sustainability.Key points• Individual or combined effects of soil biotic and abiotic variables hamper the implementation of engineered microbiome technologies in the field.• As a traditional approach, reduced-tillage practices coinciding with biofertilization can promote a relatively stable functional microbiome.• Increasing the complexity and efficiency of the synthetic microbiome is one way to improve its field-application success rate.• Plant genome editing/engineering is a promising approach for recruiting desired microbiomes for agricultural benefit.
土壤微生物组非常复杂，其内部由密集的相互关联的微生物物种网络构成，为生态系统的重要功能提供支撑。在农业研究的前沿领域，根际微生物组工程受到了广泛关注，因为人们已经认识到微生物群落是与相关植物健康和产量密切相关的关键伙伴。然而，广泛的土壤生物和非生物因素的单一或综合影响了工程化微生物组的成功，因为这些微生物群落在不同的土壤条件下表现出不均匀的结构和功能网络。因此，一旦对主要影响因素及其相应的微生物响应有了深刻的理解，就可以更有效地操纵和优化微生物组，以实现种植效益。在这篇小型综述中，我们提出了微生物组介导的智能农业系统（MiMSAS）的概念。我们总结了一些先进的策略，用于工程化根际微生物组以抵御主要的生物和非生物因素施加的压力。这项工作将帮助科学界更清楚地了解用于提高作物生产力和环境可持续性的工程化微生物组技术。
关键点
• 土壤生物和非生物变量的单独或综合影响阻碍了工程化微生物组技术在田间的实施。
• 作为一种传统方法，与生物肥料相结合的少耕实践可以促进相对稳定的功能微生物组。
• 提高合成微生物组的复杂性和效率是提高其田间应用成功率的一种方法。
• 植物基因组编辑/工程是招募农业有益的期望微生物组的一种有前途的方法。
