Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Schizophr Res. 2021 Nov;237:103-114. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2021.08.033. Epub 2021 Sep 9.
Mindfulness meditation (MM) and its alignment with the mind-body perspective of health in Chinese cultures indicate its potential to benefit Chinese patients with psychosis. This is the first systematic review and meta-analysis to address the following questions: (1) Does MM improve clinical, well-being, and third-wave outcomes (i.e., mindfulness, acceptance, and compassion levels) among Chinese patients with psychosis? (2) What are the patient- and/or intervention-specific factors that moderate the efficacy of MM? (3) Are improvements on third-wave outcomes associated with improvements on clinical and well-being outcomes? (4) What are the mechanisms underlying the effects of MM? Evidence synthesized from 23 relevant articles (20 studies) involving 1749 patients showed that (1) MM improved a wide range of patients' outcomes, most consistently and sustainably for insight, rehospitalization duration, recovery rate, and social functioning; (2) age and duration of illness, but not the cumulated intervention hours, moderated the overall efficacy of MM; (3) post-MM improvements on mindfulness and on clinical and well-being outcomes were related, and (4) the effects of MM on patients' outcomes may be driven by its ability to promote positive changes in personal growth and enhance one's coping with the illness and its symptoms. Our data showed preliminary support for the benefits of MM in Chinese patients with psychosis. However, results should be considered in light of the varying quality of included studies and their heterogeneity in multiple aspects. Further research is needed to deduce the sustainability of MM's effects, its active ingredients, underlying mechanisms, and additional moderators of its efficacy.
正念冥想（MM）及其与中医疗法中身心观的契合表明其可能有益于中国精神病患者。这是首次针对以下问题进行的系统评价和荟萃分析：（1）MM 是否能改善中国精神病患者的临床、幸福感和第三波（即正念、接受和同情心水平）结果？（2）哪些是患者和/或干预特定因素调节 MM 疗效？（3）第三波结果的改善是否与临床和幸福感结果的改善相关？（4）MM 效应的机制是什么？从 23 篇相关文章（20 项研究）中综合的证据涉及 1749 名患者，结果表明：（1）MM 改善了患者的多种结果，对洞察力、再住院时间、康复率和社会功能的影响最一致且可持续；（2）年龄和疾病持续时间，但不是累积干预时间，调节 MM 的总体疗效；（3）MM 后对正念和临床及幸福感结果的改善相关，（4）MM 对患者结果的影响可能是由于它能够促进个人成长中的积极变化，并增强患者对疾病及其症状的应对能力。我们的数据初步支持 MM 对中国精神病患者的益处。然而，应该考虑到纳入研究的质量和多方面的异质性，结果需要谨慎解释。需要进一步的研究来推断 MM 效果的可持续性、其有效成分、潜在机制以及其疗效的其他调节因素。
