Marciano Laura, Camerini Anne-Linda, Morese Rosalba
Institute of Public Health, Università della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland.
Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland.
Front Psychol. 2021 Aug 27;12:671817. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.671817. eCollection 2021.
The widespread diffusion of screen-based devices in adolescence has fueled a debate about the beneficial and detrimental effects on adolescents' well-being and development. With the aim of summarizing the existing literature on the associations between screen time (including Internet-related addictions) and adolescent brain development, the present scoping review summarized evidence from 16 task-unrelated and task-related neuroimaging studies, published between 2010 and 2020. Results highlight three important key messages: (i) a frequent and longer duration of screen-based media consumption (including Internet-related addictive behaviors) is related to a less efficient cognitive control system in adolescence, including areas of the Default Mode Network and the Central Executive Network; (ii) online activities act as strong rewards to the brain and repeated screen time augments the tendency to seek short-term gratifications; and (iii) neuroscientific research on the correlates between screen time and adolescent brain development is still at the beginning and in urgent need for further evidence, especially on the underlying causality mechanisms. Methodological, theoretical, and conceptual implications are discussed.
基于屏幕的设备在青少年中的广泛普及引发了一场关于其对青少年幸福感和发展的利弊影响的辩论。为了总结关于屏幕使用时间（包括与互联网相关的成瘾行为）与青少年大脑发育之间关联的现有文献，本范围综述总结了2010年至2020年间发表的16项与任务无关和与任务相关的神经影像学研究的证据。结果突出了三个重要关键信息：（i）频繁且长时间使用基于屏幕的媒体（包括与互联网相关的成瘾行为）与青少年认知控制系统效率较低有关，包括默认模式网络和中央执行网络区域；（ii）在线活动对大脑是强烈的奖励，反复的屏幕使用时间会增强寻求短期满足的倾向；（iii）关于屏幕使用时间与青少年大脑发育之间相关性的神经科学研究仍处于起步阶段，迫切需要更多证据，尤其是关于潜在因果机制的证据。文中还讨论了方法学、理论和概念方面的影响。
