Mescolo Federica, Ferrante Giuliana, La Grutta Stefania
Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council, Palermo, Italy.
Front Pediatr. 2021 Aug 20;9:711573. doi: 10.3389/fped.2021.711573. eCollection 2021.
In the last decade, widespread use of E-cigarettes (EC) has occurred all over the world. Whereas, a large amount of evidence on harm to children from conventional cigarette exposure is available, data on health effects in this population throughout different vulnerability windows are still a matter of concern. Exposure to EC during pregnancy may compromise placental function, resulting in fetal structural abnormalities. Specifically, this may cause physio-pathologic changes in the developing lung, which in turn may impair respiratory health later in life. Furthermore, there is evidence that using EC can cause both short- and long-term respiratory problems in the pediatric population and there is great concern for future young people with nicotine addiction. The low parental perception of the risks connected to EC exposure for children increases their susceptibility to harmful effects from passive vaping. This minireview aims to summarize the current evidence focusing on: (i) prenatal effects of EC passive exposure; (ii) post-natal respiratory effects of EC exposure in youth; (iii) parental attitudes toward EC use and perception of children's health risks connected to EC exposure; and (iv) addressing gaps in our current evidence.
在过去十年中，电子烟在全球广泛使用。然而，虽然有大量关于传统香烟暴露对儿童危害的证据，但关于这一人群在不同易受伤害阶段的健康影响的数据仍令人担忧。孕期接触电子烟可能会损害胎盘功能，导致胎儿结构异常。具体而言，这可能会引起发育中肺部的生理病理变化，进而可能损害日后的呼吸健康。此外，有证据表明，使用电子烟会在儿童群体中引发短期和长期的呼吸问题，人们对未来年轻人尼古丁成瘾问题也极为关注。家长对儿童接触电子烟相关风险的认知不足，增加了他们被动吸电子烟受到有害影响的易感性。本综述旨在总结当前证据，重点关注：（i）电子烟被动暴露的产前影响；（ii）青少年接触电子烟对产后呼吸的影响；（iii）家长对使用电子烟的态度以及对儿童接触电子烟相关健康风险的认知；（iv）填补我们当前证据中的空白。
