Brain and Mind Institute, Western University, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON, N6A 3K7, Canada.
Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada.
J Autism Dev Disord. 2022 Sep;52(9):4007-4021. doi: 10.1007/s10803-021-05282-4. Epub 2021 Sep 15.
Decreased sound tolerance (DST) is the most common sensory difficulty experienced by autistic individuals. Parents of 88 autistic children and young adults between the ages of 3 and 30 described coping strategies and physical and emotional responses used to deal with distressing sounds, and their impact on daily activities. Loud, sudden, and high-pitched sounds were most commonly endorsed as distressing, most often causing autistic children and young adults to cover their ears or yell, while producing stress, irritation, fear, and anxiety. Parents reported warning their child, providing breaks, or avoiding noisy settings as the most used coping strategies. Overall, findings indicate that DST leads to fewer opportunities for autistic children and young adults to participate at home, at school, and in the community. Further, results suggest hyperacusis, misophonia, and phonophobia, subtypes of DST, are present in autistic children and young adults.
声音耐受下降（DST）是自闭症个体最常见的感官障碍。本研究采访了 88 名年龄在 3 到 30 岁之间的自闭症儿童和青年的家长，描述了他们用来应对令人不适的声音的应对策略、身体和情绪反应，以及这些反应对日常活动的影响。研究结果显示，响亮、突然和高音调的声音最常被认为是令人不适的，最常见的反应是自闭症儿童和青年捂住耳朵或尖叫，同时产生压力、烦躁、恐惧和焦虑。家长们报告说，最常用的应对策略是警告孩子、提供休息时间或避免嘈杂的环境。总的来说，研究结果表明，DST 导致自闭症儿童和青年在家中、学校和社区中参与的机会减少。此外，研究结果表明，自闭症儿童和青年存在超敏反应、厌恶声音和恐音症等 DST 的亚型。
