Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, 100102, Beijing, China.
Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology, 100102, Beijing, China.
Nat Commun. 2021 Sep 15;12(1):5466. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-25795-x.
Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) is an economically and ecologically important nontimber forestry species. Further development of this species as a sustainable bamboo resource has been hindered by a lack of population genome information. Here, we report a moso bamboo genomic variation atlas of 5.45 million single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from whole-genome resequencing of 427 individuals covering 15 representative geographic areas. We uncover low genetic diversity, high genotype heterozygosity, and genes under balancing selection underlying moso bamboo population adaptation. We infer its demographic history with one bottleneck and its recently small population without a rebound. We define five phylogenetic groups and infer that one group probably originated by a single-origin event from East China. Finally, we conduct genome-wide association analysis of nine important property-related traits to identify candidate genes, many of which are involved in cell wall, carbohydrate metabolism, and environmental adaptation. These results provide a foundation and resources for understanding moso bamboo evolution and the genetic mechanisms of agriculturally important traits.
毛竹（Phyllostachys edulis）是一种经济和生态上都非常重要的非木材林产品。由于缺乏种群基因组信息，进一步开发这种可持续的竹资源受到了阻碍。在这里，我们报道了一个来自 427 个个体的全基因组重测序的 545 万个单核苷酸多态性（SNP）的毛竹基因组变异图谱，这些个体覆盖了 15 个代表性地理区域。我们揭示了毛竹种群适应的低遗传多样性、高基因型杂合性和平衡选择下的基因。我们推断其种群历史经历了一次瓶颈效应，最近的种群规模较小但没有反弹。我们定义了五个系统发育组，并推断其中一个组可能起源于华东的单一起源事件。最后，我们对九个重要的性状相关性状进行了全基因组关联分析，以鉴定候选基因，其中许多基因涉及细胞壁、碳水化合物代谢和环境适应。这些结果为理解毛竹进化和农艺重要性状的遗传机制提供了基础和资源。
