Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 10 South Pine Street, MSTF 436, Baltimore, MD 21201.
Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 10 South Pine Street, MSTF 436, Baltimore, MD 21201; Fischell Department of Bioengineering, A. James Clark School of Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742.
J Biomech Eng. 2022 Apr 1;144(4). doi: 10.1115/1.4052460.
Shear-induced platelet activation is one of the critical outcomes when blood is exposed to elevated shear stress. Excessively activated platelets in the circulation can lead to thrombus formation and platelet consumption, resulting in serious adverse events such as thromboembolism and bleeding. While experimental observations reveal that it is related to the shear stress level and exposure time, the underlying mechanism of shear-induced platelet activation is not fully understood. Various models have been proposed to relate shear stress levels to platelet activation, yet most are modified from the empirically calibrated power-law model. Newly developed multiscale platelet models are tested as a promising approach to capture a single platelet's dynamic shape during activation, but it would be computationally expensive to employ it for a large-scale analysis. This paper summarizes the current numerical models used to study the shear-induced platelet activation and their computational applications in the risk assessment of a particular flow pattern and clot formation prediction.
当血液暴露于高切应力时，剪切诱导的血小板活化是一个关键的结果。循环中过度活化的血小板可导致血栓形成和血小板消耗，从而导致严重的不良事件，如血栓栓塞和出血。虽然实验观察表明这与切应力水平和暴露时间有关，但剪切诱导的血小板活化的潜在机制尚不完全清楚。已经提出了各种模型来将切应力水平与血小板活化相关联，但大多数模型都是从经验校准的幂律模型修改而来的。新开发的多尺度血小板模型被测试为捕捉单个血小板在活化过程中的动态形状的一种很有前途的方法，但对于大规模分析来说，它的计算成本会很高。本文总结了目前用于研究剪切诱导血小板活化的数值模型及其在特定流动模式风险评估和血栓形成预测中的计算应用。
