Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness, 5 Portarlington Road, East Geelong, VIC, 3219, Australia.
Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness, 5 Portarlington Road, East Geelong, VIC, 3219, Australia.
J Virol Methods. 2021 Dec;298:114287. doi: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2021.114287. Epub 2021 Sep 13.
Henipaviruses, Hendra (HeV) and Nipah (NiV), are highly pathogenic zoonotic agents that pose a serious health risk to human life, and as such are restricted to physical containment 4 (PC4) laboratories. For further analysis of virus-infected biological specimens, it is necessary to ensure absolute inactivation of any infectious virus present before removal from the PC4 laboratory. To evaluate the inactivation of HeV and NiV within infected samples, two chemical inactivation methods were assessed. Henipavirus-infected cell monolayers treated with 4 % paraformaldehyde (PFA) showed the complete inactivation of infectious virus, with an inactivation period of 15 min resulting in more than 8-log decrease in infectious titre. NiV-infected tissue samples treated with 10 % neutral-buffered formalin (NBF) showed a complete reduction of infectious virus in 7/8 ferret organs incubated for 24 h, with the remaining tissue demonstrating complete virus inactivation after 48 h. The chemical inactivation methods described herein evaluated two simple methods of henipavirus inactivation, resulting in the complete inactivation of infectious virus - an essential requirement for the safe removal and handling of biological samples from the PC4 laboratory.
亨尼帕病毒属（Henipaviruses）中的亨德拉病毒（Hendra virus，HeV）和尼帕病毒（Nipah virus，NiV）是高致病性人畜共患病原体，对人类生命健康构成严重威胁，因此被限制在四级生物安全实验室（physical containment 4，PC4）中进行操作。为了对病毒感染的生物标本进行进一步分析，必须确保在将其从 PC4 实验室移出之前，彻底灭活任何存在的传染性病毒。为了评估感染样本中 HeV 和 NiV 的灭活效果，我们评估了两种化学灭活方法。用 4%多聚甲醛（paraformaldehyde，PFA）处理感染的细胞单层，可使传染性病毒完全失活，15 分钟的灭活期可使病毒感染滴度降低 8 个对数级以上。用 10%中性缓冲福尔马林（neutral-buffered formalin，NBF）处理感染的组织样本，在孵育 24 小时后，8 个雪貂器官中的 7 个器官中的传染性病毒完全减少，其余组织在 48 小时后也完全失去病毒活性。本文所评估的两种简单的 HeV 灭活化学方法可使传染性病毒完全失活，这是从 PC4 实验室安全移出和处理生物样本的必要条件。
