Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland.
Laboratory of Polar Research and Documentation, Institute of Botany, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 3, 30-387, Kraków, Poland.
Phytochemistry. 2021 Dec;192:112948. doi: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112948. Epub 2021 Sep 14.
In the present study, quantitative analysis of usnic acid and the selected elements (Ag, Ca, Cd, Cr, Cu, Mg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn) in samples of Cladonia mitis thalli collected along a North-Central Europe transect, was performed. Additionally, we analysed geographical and environmental factors that could potentially influence the levels of the analytes. With the constructed partial least square (PLS) chemometric model we aimed to establish the relationships between the analysed factors. Our study is the first to provide comparative quantitative data on usnic acid in C. mitis. We proved this lichen species is a rich source of usnic acid (4.52 ± 0.54-21.58 ± 2.23 mg/g dry wt). Significant differences in usnic acid content between samples collected in the open and forest areas were noted, with the predominance of the former (mean 17.4 ± 2.8 and 8.8 ± 2.3 mg/g dry wt, respectively). Our results supported the hypothesis on the relationship between usnic acid and selected heavy metals content in lichens, as the positive correlation of the compound was noted with Pb. Our PLS model indicated also a positive correlation between usnic acid and Cr content, which was reported for the first time.
在本研究中，对从中欧到北欧的欧洲大陆沿线采集的 Cladonia mitis 地衣样品中的 usnic 酸和选定元素（Ag、Ca、Cd、Cr、Cu、Mg、Mn、Ni、Pb、Zn）进行了定量分析。此外，我们分析了可能影响分析物水平的地理和环境因素。通过构建偏最小二乘（PLS）化学计量模型，我们旨在建立分析因素之间的关系。我们的研究首次提供了 C. mitis 中 usnic 酸的比较定量数据。我们证明了这种地衣是 usnic 酸的丰富来源（4.52±0.54-21.58±2.23mg/g 干重）。在开阔地和森林地区采集的样品中，usnic 酸含量存在显著差异，前者占优势（平均值分别为 17.4±2.8 和 8.8±2.3mg/g 干重）。我们的结果支持了地衣中 usnic 酸与选定重金属含量之间的关系假说，因为该化合物与 Pb 呈正相关。我们的 PLS 模型还表明，usnic 酸与 Cr 含量之间存在正相关，这是首次报道。
