Li Zhengqi, Liu Yong, Dou Lizhou, Zhang Yueming, He Shun, Zhao Deli, Zhang Wei, Wang Guiqi
Department of Endoscopy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Cancer Center, Feicheng People's Hospital, Feicheng, China.
Ann Transl Med. 2021 Aug;9(15):1244. doi: 10.21037/atm-21-3264.
To explore the effects of smoking and drinking on the microbiota in the saliva and three segments of the esophagus (upper, middle, and lower) in healthy individuals.
Paired saliva and brush specimens were obtained from 76 participants who underwent upper gastrointestinal (UGI) endoscopic examination for UGI cancer screening. The esophageal microbiota was investigated by 16S rRNA gene profiling via next-generation sequencing.
The saliva samples from non-smoking and non-drinking participants had a greater abundance of , , , and , and lower levels of and compared to the esophagus. There were no significant differences in the abundance of most bacterial genera in the upper, middle, and lower oesophagus. Similarly, in the saliva of patients who smoke and drink, there was a higher prevalence of , , , , and , and a lower prevalence of , , and compared to the esophagus. There were no significant differences in the abundance of most genera in the upper, middle, and lower esophagus of patients with a history of drinking and smoking. There were slight differences in the microbiota between smoking and drinking individuals and non-smoking and non-drinking individuals.
This pilot study demonstrated microbial diversity at different taxonomic levels in the oral cavity and esophagus of non-drinking and non-smoking individuals, as well as healthy people who drink and smoke . There was a slight difference in the microbiota between non-drinking and non-smoking people and individuals with a history of drinking and smoking. These results suggested that oral or esophageal cancer caused by smoking and drinking may not be mediated by mechanisms that affect surface microorganisms.
探讨吸烟和饮酒对健康个体唾液及食管三个节段（上段、中段和下段）微生物群的影响。
从76名因上消化道（UGI）癌症筛查而接受UGI内镜检查的参与者中获取配对的唾液和刷检标本。通过下一代测序，采用16S rRNA基因谱分析研究食管微生物群。
与食管相比，不吸烟且不饮酒参与者的唾液样本中 、 、 、 的丰度更高，而 和 的水平更低。食管上段、中段和下段大多数细菌属的丰度无显著差异。同样，在吸烟且饮酒患者的唾液中，与食管相比， 、 、 、 、 的患病率更高，而 、 、 的患病率更低。有吸烟和饮酒史患者的食管上段、中段和下段大多数属的丰度无显著差异。吸烟和饮酒个体与不吸烟且不饮酒个体的微生物群存在细微差异。
这项初步研究证明了不饮酒且不吸烟个体以及有饮酒和吸烟习惯的健康人群口腔和食管不同分类水平的微生物多样性。不饮酒且不吸烟人群与有饮酒和吸烟史个体的微生物群存在细微差异。这些结果表明，吸烟和饮酒引起的口腔或食管癌可能不是由影响表面微生物的机制介导的。
