Wang Hongna, Zheng Yongfeng, Huang Jieru, Li Jin
Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis and Cancer Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangzhou, China.
Front Cell Dev Biol. 2021 Sep 3;9:723108. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.723108. eCollection 2021.
Mitochondria are important organelles whose primary function is energy production; in addition, they serve as signaling platforms for apoptosis and antiviral immunity. The central role of mitochondria in oxidative phosphorylation and apoptosis requires their quality to be tightly regulated. Mitophagy is the main cellular process responsible for mitochondrial quality control. It selectively sends damaged or excess mitochondria to the lysosomes for degradation and plays a critical role in maintaining cellular homeostasis. However, increasing evidence shows that viruses utilize mitophagy to promote their survival. Viruses use various strategies to manipulate mitophagy to eliminate critical, mitochondria-localized immune molecules in order to escape host immune attacks. In this article, we will review the scientific advances in mitophagy in viral infections and summarize how the host immune system responds to viral infection and how viruses manipulate host mitophagy to evade the host immune system.
线粒体是重要的细胞器，其主要功能是产生能量；此外，它们还作为细胞凋亡和抗病毒免疫的信号平台。线粒体在氧化磷酸化和细胞凋亡中的核心作用要求其质量受到严格调控。线粒体自噬是负责线粒体质量控制的主要细胞过程。它选择性地将受损或多余的线粒体输送到溶酶体进行降解，在维持细胞内稳态中起关键作用。然而，越来越多的证据表明，病毒利用线粒体自噬来促进其存活。病毒采用各种策略操纵线粒体自噬，以消除关键的、定位于线粒体的免疫分子，从而逃避宿主的免疫攻击。在本文中，我们将综述病毒感染中线粒体自噬的科学进展，并总结宿主免疫系统如何应对病毒感染以及病毒如何操纵宿主线粒体自噬以逃避宿主免疫系统。
