Gerber Monica M, Cuadrado Cristóbal, Figueiredo Ana, Crispi Francisca, Jiménez-Moya Gloria, Andrade Valentina
Universidad Diego Portales.
Universidad de Chile.
Polit Psychol. 2021 Oct;42(5):863-880. doi: 10.1111/pops.12770. Epub 2021 Jun 26.
In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, personal protective measures (e.g., social distancing, handwashing, and mask wearing) have been adopted as a cornerstone to limit the spread of the disease. Yet, the effectiveness of these measures depends on people's levels of adherence. In this article, we apply social-psychological research to the study of compliance with personal protective measures during the COVID-19 pandemic in Chile. We consider three possible models underlying adherence: (1) sociodemographic and socioeconomic factors, (2) instrumental factors, and (3) normative factors. We draw on data from a longitudinal nonrepresentative panel study (Study 1, = 32,304) and a cross-sectional representative survey (Study 2, = 1,078) to explore the impact of these different factors on personal protective measures compliance. Findings show the strongest support for the role of instrumental and normative factors, in that people who comply with protective measures report to a greater extent that relatives and friends comply too and tend to perceive high risk of COVID-19. We finish by proposing policy recommendations to promote effective strategies to contain the spread of the virus.
在新冠疫情背景下，个人防护措施（如保持社交距离、洗手和佩戴口罩）已被作为限制疾病传播的基石而采用。然而，这些措施的有效性取决于人们的遵守程度。在本文中，我们将社会心理学研究应用于智利新冠疫情期间个人防护措施遵守情况的研究。我们考虑了三种可能影响遵守情况的模式：（1）社会人口统计学和社会经济因素，（2）工具性因素，以及（3）规范性因素。我们利用来自一项纵向非代表性面板研究（研究1，n = 32304）和一项横断面代表性调查（研究2，n = 1078）的数据，来探究这些不同因素对个人防护措施遵守情况的影响。研究结果显示，工具性因素和规范性因素的作用得到了最有力的支持，即遵守防护措施的人在更大程度上报告说亲戚和朋友也遵守，并且倾向于认为感染新冠病毒的风险很高。我们最后提出政策建议，以推动采取有效策略来遏制病毒传播。
