School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, London, UK.
Methods Mol Biol. 2022;2345:203-221. doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1566-9_13.
Network meta-analysis is used to synthesize evidence from a network of treatments. The models used in a network meta-analysis are more complex than those used for pairwise meta-analysis. Two types of models are available to undertake a network meta-analysis: contrast-based and arm-based models. Contrast-based models have been used in most published network meta-analyses. Arm-based models offer greater flexibility and handle treatments symmetrically, but risk compromising randomization. In this chapter, we (1) present the contrast-based and arm-based statistical models; (2) describe the theoretical differences between the models (noting when the estimates from the models are expected to diverge); (3) summarize the evidence comparing the two models from simulation studies and empirical investigations; and (4) provide a worked example applying the two models to a network using the R software package.
网络荟萃分析用于综合来自治疗网络的证据。网络荟萃分析中使用的模型比成对荟萃分析中使用的模型更复杂。有两种类型的模型可用于进行网络荟萃分析：基于对照和基于臂的模型。基于对照的模型已在大多数已发表的网络荟萃分析中使用。基于臂的模型提供了更大的灵活性并且对称地处理治疗方法，但存在破坏随机化的风险。在本章中，我们（1）介绍基于对照和基于臂的统计模型；（2）描述模型之间的理论差异（注意何时预计模型的估计值会出现分歧）；（3）总结来自模拟研究和实证研究比较两种模型的证据；（4）提供一个使用 R 软件包应用两种模型到网络的示例。
