Chen Frances L, Zimmermann Madeline, Hekman Jessica P, Lord Kathryn A, Logan Brittney, Russenberger Jane, Leighton Eldin A, Karlsson Elinor K
Vertebrate Genomics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States.
Cellular Longevity, Inc., San Francisco, CA, United States.
Front Vet Sci. 2021 Sep 6;8:662429. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2021.662429. eCollection 2021.
The ancient partnership between people and dogs is struggling to meet modern day needs, with demand exceeding our capacity to safely breed high-performing and healthy dogs. New statistical genetic approaches and genomic technology have the potential to revolutionize dog breeding, by transitioning from problematic phenotypic selection to methods that can preserve genetic diversity while increasing the proportion of successful dogs. To fully utilize this technology will require ultra large datasets, with hundreds of thousands of dogs. Today, dog breeders struggle to apply even the tools available now, stymied by the need for sophisticated data storage infrastructure and expertise in statistical genetics. Here, we review recent advances in animal breeding, and how a new approach to dog breeding would address the needs of working dog breeders today while also providing them with a path to realizing the next generation of technology. We provide a step-by-step guide for dog breeders to start implementing estimated breeding value selection in their programs now, and we describe how genotyping and DNA sequencing data, as it becomes more widely available, can be integrated into this approach. Finally, we call for data sharing among dog breeding programs as a path to achieving a future that can benefit all dogs, and their human partners too.
人与狗之间古老的伙伴关系正难以满足现代需求，需求超出了我们安全繁育高性能且健康犬只的能力。新的统计遗传学方法和基因组技术有潜力彻底改变犬类繁育方式，从有问题的表型选择转向既能保护遗传多样性又能提高成功犬只比例的方法。要充分利用这项技术需要超大型数据集，涉及数十万只犬。如今，犬类繁育者甚至难以应用现有的工具，因需要复杂的数据存储基础设施和统计遗传学专业知识而受阻。在此，我们回顾动物繁育领域的最新进展，以及一种新的犬类繁育方法如何满足当今工作犬繁育者的需求，同时为他们提供实现下一代技术的途径。我们为犬类繁育者提供一份逐步指南，以便他们现在就在其繁育计划中开始实施估计育种值选择，并且我们描述随着基因分型和DNA测序数据变得更广泛可得，如何将其整合到这种方法中。最后，我们呼吁犬类繁育计划之间进行数据共享，以此作为实现一个能使所有犬及其人类伙伴都受益的未来的途径。
