Department of Biotechnology, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, Szeged, 6726, Hungary.
Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged, 6726, Hungary.
Biol Futur. 2021 Sep;72(3):341-346. doi: 10.1007/s42977-021-00083-3. Epub 2021 Apr 19.
Biogas is the product of anaerobic digestion (AD) of organic waste and is considered to be one of the most valuable natural renewable energy carriers. Plant biomass represents the most abundant eco-friendly energy reservoir on Earth. However, the tenacious and heterogeneous structure of the lignocellulose-rich elements makes it difficult for the involved microbes to digest the recalcitrant substrates. Both the degradation process and the biogas production yield can be enhanced by appropriate pre-treatment of lignocellulosic materials. Filamentous fungi have been known as proficient colonizers of lignocellulosic plant tissues and have been recognized as producers of exceptionally rich and diverse hydrolytic enzymes. We tested Aspergillus nidulans, Trichoderma reesei, Rhizomucor miehei and Gilbertella persicaria filamentous fungal strains for pre-treatment of various agricultural lignocellulosic wastes. During the pre-treatment phase, the β-glucosidase and endoglucanase activity was measured spectrophotometrically. In the AD step, methane production was monitored by gas chromatography. The preliminary results showed that all the applied strains (Aspergillus nidulans, Trichoderma reesei, Rhizomucor miehei and Gilbertella persicaria) were highly effective in producing both β-glucosidase and endo-(1,4)-β-D-glucanase enzymes, which might explain the greatly improved AD results. Pre-treatment with the above-mentioned filamentous fungi positively affected the biogas production, although the effect strongly depended on the selection of the fungal partner for any given biomass substrate. Depending on the used substrate and the pre-treatment strain, overall methane yields were elevated two-fold relative to the controls.
沼气是有机废物厌氧消化（AD）的产物，被认为是最有价值的天然可再生能源载体之一。植物生物质代表了地球上最丰富的环保型能源库。然而，木质纤维素丰富元素的坚韧和异质结构使得相关微生物难以消化顽固的基质。木质纤维素材料的适当预处理可以增强降解过程和沼气的生产产量。丝状真菌已被公认为木质纤维素植物组织的高效定植者，并被认为是具有异常丰富和多样的水解酶的生产者。我们测试了米曲霉、里氏木霉、米根霉和粘帚霉丝状真菌菌株对各种农业木质纤维素废物的预处理。在预处理阶段，通过分光光度法测量β-葡萄糖苷酶和内切葡聚糖酶的活性。在 AD 步骤中，通过气相色谱监测甲烷的产生。初步结果表明，所有应用的菌株（米曲霉、里氏木霉、米根霉和粘帚霉）在产生β-葡萄糖苷酶和内切（1,4）-β-D-葡聚糖酶方面都非常有效，这可能解释了 AD 结果的大大提高。用上述丝状真菌进行预处理对沼气生产有积极影响，尽管这种影响强烈取决于真菌伙伴对任何给定生物质底物的选择。根据所用的底物和预处理菌株，与对照相比，总甲烷产量提高了两倍。
