Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2021 Dec;75(12):358-368. doi: 10.1111/pcn.13300. Epub 2021 Oct 29.
There is now consistent evidence that neural oscillation at low- and high-frequencies constitute an important aspect of the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Specifically, impaired rhythmic activity may underlie the deficit to generate coherent cognition and behavior, leading to the characteristic symptoms of psychosis and cognitive deficits. Importantly, the generating mechanisms of neural oscillations are relatively well-understood and thus enable the targeted search for the underlying circuit impairments and novel treatment targets. In the following review, we will summarize and assess the evidence for aberrant rhythmic activity in schizophrenia through evaluating studies that have utilized Electro/Magnetoencephalography to examine neural oscillations during sensory and cognitive tasks as well as during resting-state measurements. These data will be linked to current evidence from post-mortem, neuroimaging, genetics, and animal models that have implicated deficits in GABAergic interneurons and glutamatergic neurotransmission in oscillatory deficits in schizophrenia. Finally, we will highlight methodological and analytical challenges as well as provide recommendations for future research.
现在有一致的证据表明，低频和高频的神经振荡是精神分裂症病理生理学的一个重要方面。具体来说，节律活动的损害可能是产生连贯认知和行为的基础，导致精神病和认知缺陷的特征症状。重要的是，神经振荡的产生机制相对较好理解，因此能够有针对性地寻找潜在的电路损伤和新的治疗靶点。在接下来的综述中，我们将通过评估利用脑电图/脑磁图检查感觉和认知任务以及静息状态测量期间神经振荡的研究，总结和评估精神分裂症中异常节律活动的证据。这些数据将与来自尸检、神经影像学、遗传学和动物模型的现有证据联系起来，这些证据表明 GABA 能中间神经元和谷氨酸能神经传递的缺陷与精神分裂症中的振荡缺陷有关。最后，我们将强调方法学和分析方面的挑战，并为未来的研究提供建议。
