Liu Fa-Dong, Duan Hong-Mei, Hao Fei, Zhao Wen, Gao Yu-Dan, Hao Peng, Yang Zhao-Yang, Li Xiao-Guang
Beijing Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Neural Regeneration, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China.
Department of Neurobiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Neural Regen Res. 2022 May;17(5):1146-1155. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.324860.
Although autogenous nerve transplantation is the gold standard for treating peripheral nerve defects of considerable length, it still has some shortcomings, such as insufficient donors and secondary injury. Composite chitosan scaffolds loaded with controlled release of nerve growth factor can promote neuronal survival and axonal regeneration after short-segment sciatic nerve defects. However, the effects on extended nerve defects remain poorly understood. In this study, we used chitosan scaffolds loaded with nerve growth factor for 8 weeks to repair long-segment (20 mm) sciatic nerve defects in adult rats. The results showed that treatment markedly promoted the recovery of motor and sensory functions. The regenerated sciatic nerve not only reconnected with neurons but neural circuits with the central nervous system were also reconstructed. In addition, the regenerated sciatic nerve reconnected the motor endplate with the target muscle. Therefore, this novel biomimetic scaffold can promote the regeneration of extended sciatic nerve defects and reconstruct functional circuits. This provides a promising method for the clinical treatment of extended peripheral nerve injury. This study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Capital Medical University, China (approval No. AEEI-2017-033) on March 21, 2017.
尽管自体神经移植是治疗相当长度周围神经缺损的金标准，但它仍存在一些缺点，如供体不足和二次损伤。负载神经生长因子控释的复合壳聚糖支架可促进短节段坐骨神经缺损后神经元存活和轴突再生。然而，其对长节段神经缺损的影响仍知之甚少。在本研究中，我们使用负载神经生长因子的壳聚糖支架8周来修复成年大鼠的长节段（20毫米）坐骨神经缺损。结果表明，该治疗显著促进了运动和感觉功能的恢复。再生的坐骨神经不仅与神经元重新连接，而且与中枢神经系统的神经回路也得到了重建。此外，再生的坐骨神经将运动终板与靶肌肉重新连接。因此，这种新型仿生支架可促进长节段坐骨神经缺损的再生并重建功能回路。这为临床治疗长节段周围神经损伤提供了一种有前景的方法。本研究于2017年3月21日获得中国首都医科大学动物伦理委员会批准（批准号：AEEI-2017-033）。
