Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
Ageing Res Rev. 2021 Dec;72:101466. doi: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101466. Epub 2021 Sep 22.
Aging is a natural biological event that has some downsides such as increased frailty, decline in cognitive and physical functions leading to chronical diseases, and lower quality of life. There is therefore a pressing need of reliable biomarkers to identify populations at risk of developing age-associated syndromes in order to improve their quality of life, promote healthy ageing and a more appropriate clinical management, when needed. Here we discuss the importance of hippuric acid, an endogenous co-metabolite, as a possible hallmark of human aging and age-related diseases, summarizing the scientific literature over the last years. Hippuric acid, the glycine conjugate of benzoic acid, derives from the catabolism by means of intestinal microflora of dietary polyphenols found in plant-based foods (e.g. fruits, vegetables, tea and coffee). In healthy conditions hippuric acid levels in blood and/or urine rise significantly during aging while its excretion drops in conditions related with aging, including cognitive impairments, rheumatic diseases, sarcopenia and hypomobility. This literature highlights the utility of hippuric acid in urine and plasma as a plausible hallmark of frailty, related to low fruit and vegetable intake and changes in gut microflora.
衰老是一种自然的生物事件，它有一些负面影响，如脆弱性增加、认知和身体功能下降导致慢性疾病以及生活质量降低。因此，迫切需要可靠的生物标志物来识别有患与年龄相关综合征风险的人群，以提高他们的生活质量、促进健康衰老和更适当的临床管理（如果需要的话）。在这里，我们讨论了内源性共代谢物——马尿酸作为人类衰老和与年龄相关疾病的潜在标志的重要性，总结了过去几年的科学文献。马尿酸是苯甲酸与甘氨酸的结合物，来源于肠道微生物对植物性食物（如水果、蔬菜、茶和咖啡）中发现的膳食多酚的代谢。在健康状况下，血液和/或尿液中的马尿酸水平随着年龄的增长而显著升高，而在与衰老相关的情况下，其排泄量下降，包括认知障碍、风湿性疾病、肌肉减少症和活动减少。这篇文献强调了尿液和血浆中马尿酸作为脆弱性的一个合理标志的实用性，这与低水果和蔬菜摄入以及肠道微生物群的变化有关。
