Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
BMC Geriatr. 2021 Sep 25;21(1):513. doi: 10.1186/s12877-021-02470-w.
It is unclear whether visual and hearing acuity are independently or synergistically associated with muscle strength. We aimed to examine the associations of visual and self-reported hearing acuity with low handgrip strength and the additive interaction between visual and hearing acuity on low handgrip strength in people over 60 years.
Data of 3,075 individuals aged over 60 years from the 2017 and 2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used for this cross-sectional study. Low handgrip strength was defined based on the 20th percentile of the study population (< 30.4 kg for male and < 17.7 kg for female). Visual and self-reported hearing acuity were each divided into three categories: good, moderate, and impaired. Multiple logistic regression and relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI) were performed.
Of the 3,075 participants, 993 (32.3 %) demonstrated low handgrip strength. Low handgrip strength was more prevalent in participants with moderate (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.54, 95 % confidence interval [CI] = 1.12-2.12) and impaired visual acuity (AOR = 2.00, 95 % CI = 1.34-2.96). Both moderate and impaired self-reported hearing acuity were significantly associated with low handgrip strength (moderate: AOR = 1.25, 95 % CI = 1.01-1.55; impaired: AOR = 1.66, 95 % CI = 1.15-2.38). The more severe the sensory function decline, the higher the association with muscle weakness. Moreover, combined sensory impairments were associated with deteriorating low handgrip strength (AOR = 8.38), with significantly strong additive interactions (RERI = 2.61, 95 % CI = 2.52-2.70).
Awareness is needed regarding the risk of reduced muscle strength in individuals with moderate and impaired sensory function. Older people with sensory function decline in clinical settings may benefit from programs such as exercise prescription to prevent muscle weakness.
目前尚不清楚视力和听力敏锐度是否与肌肉力量独立或协同相关。我们旨在研究 60 岁以上人群的视力和自我报告的听力敏锐度与握力低之间的关联，以及视力和听力敏锐度之间的相加交互作用对握力低的影响。
本横断面研究使用了 2017 年和 2018 年韩国国家健康和营养检查调查中 3075 名年龄在 60 岁以上的个体的数据。握力低定义为研究人群中第 20 百分位数（男性<30.4kg，女性<17.7kg）。视力和自我报告的听力敏锐度均分为三个类别：良好、中度和受损。进行了多项逻辑回归和交互的超额相对风险（RERI）。
在 3075 名参与者中，993 名（32.3%）表现出握力低。中度（调整后的优势比 [AOR] = 1.54，95%置信区间 [CI] = 1.12-2.12）和受损的视力（AOR = 2.00，95%CI = 1.34-2.96）的参与者中握力低更为常见。中度和受损的自我报告听力敏锐度均与握力低显著相关（中度：AOR = 1.25，95%CI = 1.01-1.55；受损：AOR = 1.66，95%CI = 1.15-2.38）。感觉功能下降越严重，与肌肉无力的相关性越高。此外，联合感觉障碍与握力低恶化相关（AOR = 8.38），且存在显著的相加交互作用（RERI = 2.61，95%CI = 2.52-2.70）。
需要意识到中度和受损的感觉功能个体存在肌肉力量减弱的风险。在临床环境中出现感觉功能下降的老年人可能受益于运动处方等计划，以预防肌肉无力。
