Valadon Charlène, Namy Olivier
Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
Noncoding RNA. 2021 Aug 27;7(3):51. doi: 10.3390/ncrna7030051.
RNA modifications play an essential role in determining RNA fate. Recent studies have revealed the effects of such modifications on all steps of RNA metabolism. These modifications range from the addition of simple groups, such as methyl groups, to the addition of highly complex structures, such as sugars. Their consequences for translation fidelity are not always well documented. Unlike the well-known mA modification, they are thought to have direct effects on either the folding of the molecule or the ability of tRNAs to bind their codons. Here we describe how modifications found in tRNAs anticodon-loop, rRNA, and mRNA can affect translation fidelity, and how approaches based on direct manipulations of the level of RNA modification could potentially be used to modulate translation for the treatment of human genetic diseases.
RNA修饰在决定RNA的命运中起着至关重要的作用。最近的研究揭示了这些修饰对RNA代谢各个步骤的影响。这些修饰范围从添加简单的基团（如甲基）到添加高度复杂的结构（如糖类）。它们对翻译保真度的影响并不总是有充分的记录。与广为人知的mA修饰不同，人们认为它们对分子的折叠或tRNA结合其密码子的能力有直接影响。在这里，我们描述了在tRNA反密码子环、rRNA和mRNA中发现的修饰如何影响翻译保真度，以及基于直接操纵RNA修饰水平的方法如何有可能用于调节翻译以治疗人类遗传疾病。
