Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University Complutense of Madrid, Jose Antonio Novais 12, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Toxins (Basel). 2021 Sep 13;13(9):649. doi: 10.3390/toxins13090649.
The occurrence of mycotoxins on grapes poses a high risk for food safety; thus, it is necessary to implement effective prevention methods. In this work, a metagenomic approach revealed the presence of important mycotoxigenic fungi in grape berries, including , aggregate species, or section . However, was not detected in any sample. One of the samples was not contaminated by any mycotoxigenic species, and, therefore, it was selected for the isolation of potential biocontrol agents. In this context, U1 was selected for biocontrol in vitro assays. The results showed that this yeast is able to reduce the growth rate of the main ochratoxigenic and aflatoxigenic spp. occurring on grapes. Moreover, U1 seems to be an effective detoxifying agent for aflatoxin B and ochratoxin A, probably mediated by the mechanisms of adsorption to the cell wall and other active mechanisms. Therefore, U1 should be considered in an integrated approach to preventing AFB and OTA in grapes due to its potential as a biocontrol and detoxifying agent.
真菌毒素在葡萄上的出现对食品安全构成了高风险；因此，有必要实施有效的预防方法。在这项工作中，宏基因组学方法揭示了在葡萄浆果中存在重要的产毒真菌，包括 aggregate 种、 section 种或 section 种。然而，在任何样本中都未检测到 。其中一个样本未被任何产毒物种污染，因此被选择用于分离潜在的生物防治剂。在这种情况下，U1 被选择用于体外生物防治试验。结果表明，这种酵母能够降低主要在葡萄上生长的产赭曲霉毒素和产黄曲霉毒素的 spp. 的生长速度。此外，U1 似乎是黄曲霉毒素 B 和赭曲霉毒素 A 的有效解毒剂，可能通过细胞壁吸附和其他活性机制介导。因此，U1 应该被考虑用于综合防治葡萄中的 AFB 和 OTA，因为它具有作为生物防治和解毒剂的潜力。
