Tziveleka Leto-Aikaterini, Tammam Mohamed A, Tzakou Olga, Roussis Vassilios, Ioannou Efstathia
Section of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece.
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2021 Sep 8;10(9):1431. doi: 10.3390/antiox10091431.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) attack biological molecules, such as lipids, proteins, enzymes, DNA, and RNA, causing cellular and tissue damage. Hence, the disturbance of cellular antioxidant homeostasis can lead to oxidative stress and the onset of a plethora of diseases. Macroalgae, growing in stressful conditions under intense exposure to UV radiation, have developed protective mechanisms and have been recognized as an important source of secondary metabolites and macromolecules with antioxidant activity. In parallel, the fact that many algae can be cultivated in coastal areas ensures the provision of sufficient quantities of fine chemicals and biopolymers for commercial utilization, rendering them a viable source of antioxidants. This review focuses on the progress made concerning the discovery of antioxidant compounds derived from marine macroalgae, covering the literature up to December 2020. The present report presents the antioxidant potential and biogenetic origin of 301 macroalgal metabolites, categorized according to their chemical classes, highlighting the mechanisms of antioxidative action when known.
活性氧（ROS）会攻击生物分子，如脂质、蛋白质、酶、DNA和RNA，从而导致细胞和组织损伤。因此，细胞抗氧化稳态的紊乱会导致氧化应激，并引发多种疾病。大型海藻生长在紫外线强烈照射的应激条件下，已形成保护机制，并被认为是具有抗氧化活性的次生代谢产物和大分子的重要来源。与此同时，许多藻类可以在沿海地区进行养殖，这确保了能够提供足够数量的精细化学品和生物聚合物以供商业利用，使其成为可行的抗氧化剂来源。本综述重点关注了在发现源自海洋大型海藻的抗氧化化合物方面所取得的进展，涵盖了截至2020年12月的文献。本报告介绍了301种大型海藻代谢产物的抗氧化潜力和生物起源，根据其化学类别进行了分类，并在已知的情况下突出了抗氧化作用机制。
