Boxmeyer Caroline L, Miller Shari, Romero Devon E, Powell Nicole P, Jones Shannon, Qu Lixin, Tueller Stephen, Lochman John E
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA.
Center for Youth Development and Intervention, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA.
Brain Sci. 2021 Aug 25;11(9):1119. doi: 10.3390/brainsci11091119.
Coping Power (CP) is an evidence-based preventive intervention for youth with disruptive behavior problems. This study examined whether Mindful Coping Power (MCP), a novel adaptation which integrates mindfulness into CP, enhances program effects on children's reactive aggression and self-regulation. A pilot randomized design was utilized to estimate the effect sizes for MCP versus CP in a sample of 102 child participants (fifth grade students, predominantly low-middle income, 87% Black). MCP produced significantly greater improvement in children's self-reported dysregulation (emotional, behavioral, cognitive) than CP, including children's perceived anger modulation. Small to moderate effects favoring MCP were also observed for improvements in child-reported inhibitory control and breath awareness and parent-reported child attentional capacity and social skills. MCP did not yield a differential effect on teacher-rated reactive aggression. CP produced a stronger effect than MCP on parent-reported externalizing behavior problems. Although MCP did not enhance program effects on children's reactive aggression as expected, it did have enhancing effects on children's internal, embodied experiences (self-regulation, anger modulation, breath awareness). Future studies are needed to compare MCP and CP in a large scale, controlled efficacy trial and to examine whether MCP-produced improvements in children's internal experiences lead to improvements in their observable behavior over time.
应对能力（CP）是一种针对有破坏性行为问题的青少年的循证预防干预措施。本研究考察了将正念融入CP的新型改编版——正念应对能力（MCP）是否能增强该项目对儿童反应性攻击和自我调节的效果。采用了一项试点随机设计，以估计在102名儿童参与者（五年级学生，主要是中低收入家庭，87%为黑人）样本中MCP与CP的效应大小。与CP相比，MCP在儿童自我报告的失调（情绪、行为、认知）方面产生了显著更大的改善，包括儿童感知到的愤怒调节。在儿童报告的抑制控制和呼吸意识以及家长报告的儿童注意力能力和社交技能的改善方面，也观察到了有利于MCP的小到中等效应。MCP对教师评定的反应性攻击没有产生差异效应。CP在家长报告的外化行为问题上比MCP产生了更强的效应。尽管MCP没有如预期那样增强该项目对儿童反应性攻击的效果，但它确实对儿童内在的、身体化的体验（自我调节、愤怒调节、呼吸意识）有增强作用。未来需要进行大规模的对照疗效试验来比较MCP和CP，并考察MCP在儿童内在体验方面产生的改善是否会随着时间的推移导致他们可观察到的行为得到改善。
