Huang Yuyi, Xie Junmou, Guo Yuhe, Sun Weimin, He Ying, Liu Kequn, Yan Jie, Tao Ailin, Zhong Nanshan
The Second Affiliated Hospital, The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China.
Wuhan Regional Climate Center, Wuhan 430074, China.
Healthcare (Basel). 2021 Aug 30;9(9):1132. doi: 10.3390/healthcare9091132.
The goal of this study is to investigate the probable intermediate hosts and the allergenicity of the notorious virus SARS-CoV-2 to understand how this virus emerged. The phylogenetic analysis of the virus spike proteins indicates that SARS-CoV-2 falls into various small subclades that include a bat coronavirus RaTG13, suggesting bats as a likely natural origin. Refined alignment of the spike protein in NCBI found several fragments that are specific to SARS-CoV-2 and/or SARS-CoV are specific to and/or , suggesting that rodents are the intermediate reservoir of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV. To evaluate the allergenicity values, the binding affinities of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I or II molecules with the spike proteins were calculated, and the results showed that both SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV are predicted to bind to fourteen HLA class I and II molecules with super-high HLA allele-peptide affinities. The infection rate of individuals who have HLA alleles with very high binding affinities who might become infected and develop into refractory patients if there were no medical or non-medical interventions is about 7.36% and 4.78% of Chinese and Americans, respectively. Extremely high temperature and exceptionally low precipitation, the common climate factors between the outbreak sites of COVID-19 in Wuhan in 2019 and SARS in Guangdong in 2002, might have promoted coronavirus evolution into more virulent forms. Our hypothesis suggests that early immunization with an allergenically-engineered virus, in combination with continued surveillance of meteorological factors and viral mutations, may be one of the most powerful prophylactic modalities to fight this virus.
本研究的目的是调查臭名昭著的新型冠状病毒SARS-CoV-2可能的中间宿主及其致敏性，以了解该病毒是如何出现的。对病毒刺突蛋白的系统发育分析表明，SARS-CoV-2属于包括蝙蝠冠状病毒RaTG13在内的多个小亚分支，这表明蝙蝠可能是其自然起源。在NCBI中对刺突蛋白进行精细比对发现了几个SARS-CoV-2特有的片段和/或SARS-CoV特有的片段，这表明啮齿动物是SARS-CoV-2和SARS-CoV的中间宿主。为了评估致敏性值，计算了人类白细胞抗原（HLA）I类或II类分子与刺突蛋白的结合亲和力，结果表明，SARS-CoV-2和SARS-CoV预计都能与14种HLA I类和II类分子结合，具有超高的HLA等位基因-肽亲和力。如果没有医疗或非医疗干预，具有非常高结合亲和力的HLA等位基因的个体可能会被感染并发展为难治性患者，其感染率在中国人和美国人中分别约为7.36%和4.78%。2019年武汉新冠疫情爆发地和2002年广东非典疫情爆发地的常见气候因素——极高的温度和极低的降水量，可能促使冠状病毒演变成毒性更强的形式。我们的假设表明，用经过过敏原工程改造的病毒进行早期免疫，结合对气象因素和病毒突变的持续监测，可能是对抗这种病毒最有效的预防方式之一。
