Al-Mansour Khalid, Alyahya Saad, AbuGazalah Fouad, Alabdulkareem Khaled
Department of Social Studies, College of Arts, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
General Administration for Primary Health Centers, Ministry of Health, Riyadh 12628, Saudi Arabia.
Healthcare (Basel). 2021 Sep 16;9(9):1218. doi: 10.3390/healthcare9091218.
Vaccine refusal or hesitancy is one of the significant issues that can have an adverse impact on people's health and their countries' economy. Additionally, vaccine acceptance or refusal could have a decisive role in controlling the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to investigate the factors affecting COVID-19 vaccine refusal and hesitancy among the general population in Saudi Arabia. The method is a cross-sectional survey using an online questionnaire, and data were collected from 1935 participants between 18 February 2021 and 1 April 2021. Out of 1935 participants aged ≥18 years and residing in Saudi Arabia, 46.9% reported their intention to receive the COVID-19 vaccine, 22.4% had received the vaccine, 9.5% did not intend to receive the vaccine, and 21.2% had not made their decision. In the multinomial logistic regression models, vaccine refusal was associated with age (OR: 0.961), nationality (OR: 0.182), monthly income of more than SAR 18,000 (OR: 2.325), chronic diseases (OR: 0.521), knowledge about the vaccine (OR: 0.937), and concerns about the vaccine (OR: 1.5). The hesitancy was associated with age (OR: 0.977), nationality (OR: 0.231), monthly income between SAR 6000 to 12,000 (OR: 0.607), chronic diseases (OR: 0.640), knowledge about the vaccine (OR: 0.907), and concerns about the vaccine (OR: 1.3). The main concerns about the vaccine were "COVID-19 vaccines are not tested enough on people", "drug companies are interested in COVID-19 vaccine sales only", and "COVID-19 vaccines have serious adverse effects". Awareness programs and vaccination campaigns should consider people's concerns and correct their misinformation.
疫苗拒绝或犹豫是可能对人们健康及其国家经济产生不利影响的重大问题之一。此外，疫苗的接受或拒绝在控制新冠疫情方面可能起到决定性作用。本研究旨在调查影响沙特阿拉伯普通人群拒绝和犹豫接种新冠疫苗的因素。研究方法是使用在线问卷进行横断面调查，于2021年2月18日至2021年4月1日期间从1935名参与者收集数据。在1935名年龄≥18岁且居住在沙特阿拉伯的参与者中，46.9%报告有接种新冠疫苗的意愿，22.4%已接种疫苗，9.5%不打算接种疫苗，21.2%尚未做出决定。在多项逻辑回归模型中，拒绝接种疫苗与年龄（比值比：0.961）、国籍（比值比：0.182）、月收入超过18,000沙特里亚尔（比值比：2.325）、慢性病（比值比：0.521）、对疫苗的了解（比值比：0.937）以及对疫苗的担忧（比值比：1.5）有关。犹豫接种与年龄（比值比：0.977）、国籍（比值比：0.231）、月收入在6000至12,000沙特里亚尔之间（比值比：0.607）、慢性病（比值比：0.640）、对疫苗的了解（比值比：0.907）以及对疫苗的担忧（比值比：1.3）有关。对疫苗的主要担忧是“新冠疫苗在人体上的测试不够充分”、“制药公司只对新冠疫苗销售感兴趣”以及“新冠疫苗有严重不良反应”。宣传项目和疫苗接种活动应考虑人们的担忧并纠正他们的错误信息。
