Slepičková Kasálková Nikola, Slepička Petr, Švorčík Václav
Department of Solid State Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2021 Sep 12;11(9):2368. doi: 10.3390/nano11092368.
The versatility of the arrangement of C atoms with the formation of different allotropes and phases has led to the discovery of several new structures with unique properties. Carbon nanomaterials are currently very attractive nanomaterials due to their unique physical, chemical, and biological properties. One of these is the development of superconductivity, for example, in graphite intercalated superconductors, single-walled carbon nanotubes, B-doped diamond, etc. Not only various forms of carbon materials but also carbon-related materials have aroused extraordinary theoretical and experimental interest. Hybrid carbon materials are good candidates for high current densities at low applied electric fields due to their negative electron affinity. The right combination of two different nanostructures, CNF or carbon nanotubes and nanoparticles, has led to some very interesting sensors with applications in electrochemical biosensors, biomolecules, and pharmaceutical compounds. Carbon materials have a number of unique properties. In order to increase their potential application and applicability in different industries and under different conditions, they are often combined with other types of material (most often polymers or metals). The resulting composite materials have significantly improved properties.
碳原子排列形成不同的同素异形体和相的多样性，促使人们发现了几种具有独特性质的新结构。碳纳米材料因其独特的物理、化学和生物学性质，目前是极具吸引力的纳米材料。其中之一是超导性的发展，例如在石墨插层超导体、单壁碳纳米管、硼掺杂金刚石等材料中。不仅各种形式的碳材料，而且与碳相关的材料都引起了极大的理论和实验兴趣。混合碳材料由于其负电子亲和性，是低外加电场下高电流密度的良好候选材料。碳纳米纤维或碳纳米管与纳米颗粒这两种不同纳米结构的正确组合，产生了一些在电化学生物传感器、生物分子和药物化合物应用方面非常有趣的传感器。碳材料具有许多独特的性质。为了提高它们在不同行业和不同条件下的潜在应用价值和适用性，它们通常与其他类型的材料（最常见的是聚合物或金属）结合。由此产生的复合材料具有显著改善的性能。
