Cruces Luis, de la Peña Eduardo, De Clercq Patrick
Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agronomy, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Lima 12-056, Peru.
Department of Plants & Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
Plants (Basel). 2021 Aug 27;10(9):1788. doi: 10.3390/plants10091788.
During the last few years, quinoa, a traditional Andean crop, has been cultivated at low elevations where pest pressure is high and farmers resort to intensive use of insecticides. This field study investigated the impact of four insecticides (cypermethrin, imidacloprid, teflubenzuron and emamectin benzoate) on insect pests of quinoa and their side effects on the arthropod community at the coastal level of Peru, by analysing the species composition, species diversity and population density. The arthropod community was examined with pitfall traps (for ground dwelling species), plant samplings (for pests and their natural enemies that inhabit the crop), and yellow pan traps (to catch flying insects). The results demonstrated that , and were efficiently controlled by cypermethrin and imidacloprid; the latter compound also showed long-term effects on . Teflubenzuron and emamectin benzoate proved to be efficient to control . Imidacloprid had the strongest adverse effects on the arthropod community in terms of species diversity, species composition and natural enemy density as compared to the other insecticides. Findings of this study may assist farmers intending to grow quinoa at the coastal level in selecting the most appropriate insecticides under an integrated pest management approach.
在过去几年里，藜麦这种安第斯传统作物已在虫害压力大的低海拔地区种植，农民们不得不大量使用杀虫剂。这项田间研究通过分析物种组成、物种多样性和种群密度，调查了四种杀虫剂（氯氰菊酯、吡虫啉、氟苯脲和甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐）对藜麦害虫的影响及其对秘鲁沿海地区节肢动物群落的副作用。通过陷阱诱捕器（用于捕捉地面栖息物种）、植株采样（用于捕捉作物上的害虫及其天敌）和黄色诱虫盘（用于捕捉飞行昆虫）对节肢动物群落进行了调查。结果表明，氯氰菊酯和吡虫啉能有效控制[具体害虫1]、[具体害虫2]和[具体害虫3]；后一种化合物对[具体害虫4]也有长期影响。氟苯脲和甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐被证明对控制[具体害虫5]有效。与其他杀虫剂相比，吡虫啉在物种多样性、物种组成和天敌密度方面对节肢动物群落的不利影响最大。本研究结果可能有助于打算在沿海地区种植藜麦的农民在综合虫害管理方法下选择最合适的杀虫剂。
