Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Appl Biochem Biotechnol. 2022 Feb;194(2):914-929. doi: 10.1007/s12010-021-03656-z. Epub 2021 Sep 28.
Vitamin D is an essential vitamin for bone marrow development and immune function, which is mostly synthesized in the skin through sun exposure. The high global prevalence of vitamin D deficiency requires a feasible approach to administer vitamin D to a larger number of population in a shorter amount of time, and this may be achieved through food fortification. Food fortification using nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) and nanoemulsions appears to be an ideal method to enhance bioavailability, stability, and solubility of bioactive compounds. The aim of this study was to develop NLC and nanoemulsion forms of vitamin D to evaluate its efficacy for further enrichment of dairy products. NLC containing Precirol and nanoemulsion containing vegetable oils were prepared and characterized for polydispersity index, particle size, zeta potential, particle shape, crystal properties, stability, encapsulation efficiency, and releasing. Vitamin D3 NLC size was in the range of 123.4 to 210.6 nm and for nanoemulsion 137.6 to 171.6 nm, respectively. Optimal NLC and nanoemulsion carriers were selected for morphological assessment, encapsulation efficiency, thermal analysis, and release study. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy revealed that particles had approximately spherical shape. In gastric simulated solution (pH = 1.2), NLC and nanoemulsion form of vitamin D3 released 9.3% and 26.9% of vitaminD3, respectively. This indicated that our formulation is able to protect vitamin D3 under acidic conditions. The results of this study revealed that NLC and nanoemulsion could be an optimal carrier for food fortification in order to improve bioavailability of bioactive compounds such as vitamin D.
维生素 D 是骨髓发育和免疫功能所必需的维生素，大部分通过阳光照射在皮肤中合成。维生素 D 缺乏症在全球的高发病率需要一种可行的方法，以便在更短的时间内将维生素 D 施用于更多的人群，而这可以通过食物强化来实现。使用纳米结构脂质载体 (NLC) 和纳米乳液进行食物强化似乎是提高生物活性化合物生物利用度、稳定性和溶解度的理想方法。本研究的目的是开发维生素 D 的 NLC 和纳米乳液形式，以评估其进一步强化乳制品的功效。制备了含有 Precirol 的 NLC 和含有植物油的纳米乳液，并对其进行了多分散指数、粒径、Zeta 电位、颗粒形状、晶体性质、稳定性、包封效率和释放的研究。维生素 D3 NLC 的粒径范围为 123.4 至 210.6nm，纳米乳液的粒径范围为 137.6 至 171.6nm。选择最佳的 NLC 和纳米乳液载体进行形态评估、包封效率、热分析和释放研究。扫描和透射电子显微镜显示，颗粒具有近似球形的形状。在胃模拟溶液（pH=1.2）中，NLC 和纳米乳液形式的维生素 D3 分别释放了 9.3%和 26.9%的维生素 D3。这表明我们的配方能够在酸性条件下保护维生素 D3。本研究结果表明，NLC 和纳米乳液可以作为食品强化的最佳载体，以提高生物活性化合物如维生素 D 的生物利用度。
