Kabataş Naciye, Doğan Aysun Şanal, Yılmaz Mevlüt, Kabataş Emrah Utku, Biçer Tolga, Çalışkan Sinan, Çelikay Osman, Uçar Fatma, Gürdal Canan
Department of Ophtalmology, Dışkapı Yıldırım Beyazıt Research and Education Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Dışkapı Yıldırım Beyazıt Research and Education Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
Arq Bras Oftalmol. 2022 Jan-Feb;85(1):7-12. doi: 10.5935/0004-2749.20220002.
Age-related macular degeneration is the most common cause of blindness in developed countries, and several factors have been attributed for its etiology. This study was conducted to explore the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and age-related macular degeneration.
We retrospectively analyzed the data of 114 patients with age-related macular degeneration. A total of 102 patients who did not have any other diseases than refractive error were allocated to the control group. The best-corrected visual acuity, fundus findings, and spectral domain optical coherence tomography findings were analyzed. Patients were allocated to groups based on the Age-related Eye Disease Study classification. Serum 25(OH) vitamin D levels were measured. The central foveal thickness and the subfoveal choroidal thickness were measured by optical coherence tomography.
The 25(OH) vitamin D levels in age- and gender-matched patients with age-related macular degeneration and in healthy subjects were 14.6 ± 9.8 and 29.14 ± 15.1 ng/ml, respectively. The age-related macular degeneration group had significantly lower vitamin D levels than the control group (p>0.001). The subfoveal choroidal thickness was lower in patients with age-related macular degeneration (p>0.001). The 25(OH) vitamin D level showed a weak positive correlation with choroidal thickness (r=0.357, p=0.01). When the level of 25(OH) vitamin D was evaluated according to the stages of age-related macular degeneration, it was found to be lower in the advanced-stage disease (p=0.01). The risk for the development of choroid neovascular membrane and subretinal fibrosis was found to increase with decreased vitamin D levels.
Significantly decreased levels of 25(OH) vitamin D in advanced-stage age-related macular degeneration suggest a significant correlation existing between vitamin D deficiency and age-related macular degeneration development. Further studies are required to examine whether vitamin D supplementation has an effect on the development and progression of age-related macular degeneration.
年龄相关性黄斑变性是发达国家最常见的失明原因，其病因有多种因素。本研究旨在探讨血清维生素D水平与年龄相关性黄斑变性之间的关系。
我们回顾性分析了114例年龄相关性黄斑变性患者的数据。将102例除屈光不正外无其他疾病的患者分配到对照组。分析最佳矫正视力、眼底检查结果和光谱域光学相干断层扫描结果。根据年龄相关性眼病研究分类将患者分组。测量血清25(OH)维生素D水平。通过光学相干断层扫描测量中心凹厚度和黄斑下脉络膜厚度。
年龄和性别匹配的年龄相关性黄斑变性患者和健康受试者的25(OH)维生素D水平分别为14.6±9.8和29.14±15.1 ng/ml。年龄相关性黄斑变性组的维生素D水平明显低于对照组（p>0.001）。年龄相关性黄斑变性患者的黄斑下脉络膜厚度较低（p>0.001）。25(OH)维生素D水平与脉络膜厚度呈弱正相关（r=0.357，p=0.01）。根据年龄相关性黄斑变性的阶段评估25(OH)维生素D水平时，发现晚期疾病患者的该水平较低（p=0.01）。发现随着维生素D水平降低，脉络膜新生血管膜和视网膜下纤维化的发生风险增加。
晚期年龄相关性黄斑变性患者25(OH)维生素D水平显著降低表明维生素D缺乏与年龄相关性黄斑变性的发生之间存在显著相关性。需要进一步研究以检查补充维生素D是否对年龄相关性黄斑变性的发生和发展有影响。
