Noor Research Center for Ophthalmic Epidemiology, Noor Eye Hospital, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.
Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 2022 Oct;29(5):554-565. doi: 10.1080/09286586.2021.1976804. Epub 2021 Oct 1.
To determine the prevalence of cataract and its relationship with some determinants in individuals above 60 years.
Of 3792 subjects that were invited, 3310 participated in the study (response rate = 87.31%). All subjects underwent full optometric, slit lamp, and fundoscopic examinations. Then, their lenses were evaluated according to the World Health Organization cataract grading system after pupil dilation.
Age- and sex-standardized prevalence with 95% confidence interval (CI) of nuclear, cortical, posterior subcapsular cataracts (PSC), any type cataract, and all lens change was 53.09% (49.80 to 56.35), 23.02% (20.87 to 25.32), 5.57% (4.62 to 6.70), 58.78% (55.65 to 61.83), and 72.49% (70.14 to 74.71), respectively. Any type, nuclear, cortical, and PSC cataracts, had a positive association with age and an inverse association with education. Moreover, the prevalence of cortical and PSC cataract had an inverse association with economic status. Among all variables, age was the strongest determinant for cataract and its subtype.
This study found a higher prevalence of cataract compared to some previous studies such that about two-thirds of the geriatric population had cataract in the past or at the time of the study. Considering the association of cataract with variables such as economic status and education level, it seems that training and increased awareness and knowledge of the elderly population regarding the importance of eye care by physicians plays an important role in reducing the burden of cataract.
确定 60 岁以上人群白内障的患病率及其与某些决定因素的关系。
在邀请的 3792 名受试者中，有 3310 名（应答率为 87.31%）参与了研究。所有受试者均接受了全面的眼科检查、裂隙灯检查和眼底检查。然后，在瞳孔扩张后，根据世界卫生组织白内障分级系统对他们的晶状体进行评估。
经年龄和性别标准化后，核性、皮质性、后囊下白内障（PSC）、任何类型白内障和所有晶状体改变的患病率及 95%置信区间（CI）分别为 53.09%（49.80 至 56.35）、23.02%（20.87 至 25.32）、5.57%（4.62 至 6.70）、58.78%（55.65 至 61.83）和 72.49%（70.14 至 74.71）。任何类型、核性、皮质性和 PSC 白内障均与年龄呈正相关，与教育程度呈负相关。此外，皮质性和 PSC 白内障的患病率与经济状况呈负相关。在所有变量中，年龄是白内障及其亚型的最强决定因素。
与之前的一些研究相比，这项研究发现白内障的患病率更高，大约三分之二的老年人口在过去或研究时患有白内障。考虑到白内障与经济状况和教育程度等变量的关联，似乎医生对老年人口进行眼部保健重要性的培训和提高认识和知识，对减轻白内障负担起着重要作用。
