Dean Erasmus School of Philosophy, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Bayle Building, Room J5-65, Burgemeester Oudlaan 50, 3062 PA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
J Bioeth Inq. 2021 Dec;18(4):645-654. doi: 10.1007/s11673-021-10125-z. Epub 2021 Oct 1.
Emphasizing the importance of language is a key characteristic of philosophical reflection in general and of bioethics in particular. Rather than trying to eliminate the historicity and ambiguity of language, a continental approach to bioethics will make conscious use of it, for instance by closely studying the history of the key terms we employ in bioethical debates. Continental bioethics entails a focus on the historical vicissitudes of the key signifiers of the bioethical vocabulary, urging us to study the history of terms such as "bioethics," "autonomy," "privacy," and "consensus." Instead of trying to define such terms as clearly and unequivocally as possible, a continental approach rather requires us to take a step backwards, tracing the historical backdrop of the words currently in vogue. By comparing the original meanings of terms with their current meanings, and by considering important moments of transition in their history, obfuscated dimensions of meaning can be retrieved. Thus, notwithstanding a number of methodological challenges involved in etymological exercises, they may foster moral articulacy and enhance our ability to come to terms with moral dilemmas we are facing.
强调语言的重要性是一般哲学反思特别是生命伦理学的一个关键特征。大陆生命伦理学不是试图消除语言的历史性和模糊性,而是会有意识地利用语言,例如通过仔细研究我们在生命伦理辩论中使用的关键词的历史。大陆生命伦理学关注的是生命伦理词汇的关键能指的历史变迁,促使我们研究诸如“生命伦理学”、“自主性”、“隐私”和“共识”等术语的历史。大陆生命伦理学不是试图尽可能清楚明确地定义这些术语,而是要求我们后退一步,追溯当前流行词汇的历史背景。通过比较术语的原始含义和当前含义,并考虑其历史上的重要过渡时刻,可以找回被混淆的含义维度。因此,尽管词源学研究涉及到一些方法上的挑战,但它们可以促进道德表达能力,并增强我们应对所面临的道德困境的能力。