Neurology Service, Bruce W. Carter Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Miami, Florida, United States of America.
Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2021 Oct 1;16(10):e0258139. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258139. eCollection 2021.
Data on the prevalence and correlates of restless legs syndrome (RLS) in people with HIV are limited. This study sought to determine the prevalence of RLS, associated clinical correlates, and characterize sleep-related differences in men with and without HIV.
Sleep-related data were collected in men who have sex with men participating in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS). Demographic, health behaviors, HIV status, comorbidities, and serological data were obtained from the MACS visit coinciding with sleep assessments. Participants completed questionnaires, home polysomnography, and wrist actigraphy. RLS status was determined with the Cambridge-Hopkins RLS questionnaire. RLS prevalence was compared in men with and without HIV. Multinomial logistic regression was used to examine correlates of RLS among all participants and men with HIV alone. Sleep-related differences were examined in men with and without HIV by RLS status.
The sample consisted of 942 men (56% HIV+; mean age 57 years; 69% white). The prevalence of definite RLS was comparable in men with and without HIV (9.1% vs 8.7%). In multinomial regression, HIV status was not associated with RLS prevalence. However, white race, anemia, depression, and antidepressant use were each independently associated with RLS. HIV disease duration was also associated with RLS. Men with HIV and RLS reported poorer sleep quality, greater sleepiness, and had worse objective sleep efficiency/fragmentation than men without HIV/RLS.
The prevalence of RLS in men with and without HIV was similar. Screening for RLS may be considered among people with HIV with insomnia and with long-standing disease.
关于 HIV 感染者中不安腿综合征（RLS）的患病率和相关因素的数据有限。本研究旨在确定 RLS 的患病率、相关临床特征，并描述 HIV 阳性和阴性男性的睡眠相关差异。
在参加多中心艾滋病队列研究（MACS）的男男性行为者中收集了与睡眠相关的数据。从与睡眠评估同时进行的 MACS 访视中获得了人口统计学、健康行为、HIV 状态、合并症和血清学数据。参与者完成了问卷、家庭多导睡眠图和腕部活动记录仪。使用剑桥-霍普金斯 RLS 问卷确定 RLS 状态。比较了 HIV 阳性和阴性男性的 RLS 患病率。使用多项逻辑回归分析所有参与者和仅 HIV 阳性男性的 RLS 相关因素。通过 RLS 状态检查了 HIV 阳性和阴性男性的睡眠相关差异。
样本由 942 名男性（56% HIV+；平均年龄 57 岁；69%为白人）组成。HIV 阳性和阴性男性的明确 RLS 患病率相似（9.1% vs 8.7%）。在多项逻辑回归中，HIV 状态与 RLS 患病率无关。然而，白种人、贫血、抑郁和抗抑郁药的使用均与 RLS 独立相关。HIV 疾病持续时间也与 RLS 相关。患有 HIV 和 RLS 的男性报告睡眠质量较差、更困倦，并且客观睡眠效率/碎片化比没有 HIV/RLS 的男性更差。
HIV 阳性和阴性男性的 RLS 患病率相似。对于有失眠和长期疾病的 HIV 感染者，可能需要考虑筛查 RLS。
