Walter Karl, Wathelet Marielle, Valdenaire Sacha, Grandgenèvre Pierre, Pauwels Nathalie, Vaiva Guillaume, Notredame Charles-Edouard
Psychiatry Department, CHU Lille, Lille, France.
Papageno Program, Lille, France.
Front Psychol. 2021 Sep 16;12:733691. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.733691. eCollection 2021.
Because it has been associated with significant increases [through the Werther Effect (WE)] or decreases [through the Papageno Effect (PE)] of suicide rates, media coverage of suicide-related events is recognized as a prevention leverage. Unfortunately, the recommendations that the World Health Organization (WHO) has published to help journalists reporting on suicide remain poorly applied. The Mini Media Training (MMT) is a short media training session designed to increase psychiatrists' ability to communicate about suicide during interviews. We aimed at assessing the effect of the MMT on psychiatrists' ability to help journalists complying with the WHO recommendations. From June 2017 to December 2019, 173 physicians and residents in psychiatry were recruited during French national congresses. At baseline (T0) and 1 and 3 months later (T1), participants received the MMT, which consisted in a simulated interview where they we asked to answer a journalist about a mock suicide. Communication skills were measured with a score summing the number of delivered pieces of advice in relation to the WHO recommendations, with a maximum score of 33. A weighted score was also derived based on the degree of directivity needed for the participant to provide these items, again with a possible maximum of 33. A total of 132 psychiatrists participated in the study at T0 and T1. Both the weighted and unweighted score significantly increased from T0 to T1 ( = +2.08, < 0.001, and = +1.24, < 0.001, respectively). Having a history of contacts with journalists, a short professional experience (<3 years) and prior knowledge of the WE, PE, and WHO recommendations were significantly associated with greater unweighted and weighted scores at baseline. The latter two variables also predicted greater T0-T1 improvement of the weighted score. These results suggest that the MMT could be effective for improving the ability of psychiatrists to guide journalists toward more responsible media coverage of suicide. As a short, easy to implement educational activity, the MMT could therefore be considered in association with other measures to help media professionals mitigating the WE and promoting the PE.
由于自杀率显著上升（通过维特效应）或下降（通过帕帕盖诺效应）与自杀相关事件的媒体报道有关，因此媒体对自杀相关事件的报道被视为一种预防手段。不幸的是，世界卫生组织（WHO）发布的帮助记者报道自杀事件的建议仍未得到充分应用。迷你媒体培训（MMT）是一个简短的媒体培训课程，旨在提高精神科医生在采访中谈论自杀的能力。我们旨在评估MMT对精神科医生帮助记者遵守WHO建议的能力的影响。2017年6月至2019年12月期间，在法国全国代表大会上招募了173名精神科医生和住院医生。在基线（T0）以及1个月和3个月后（T1），参与者接受了MMT，其中包括一次模拟采访，要求他们回答记者关于一个模拟自杀事件的问题。沟通技巧通过一个分数来衡量，该分数汇总了与WHO建议相关的给出建议的数量，最高分为33分。还根据参与者提供这些项目所需的指导程度得出一个加权分数，同样最高分为33分。共有132名精神科医生在T0和T1时参与了该研究。从T0到T1，加权分数和未加权分数均显著增加（分别为= +2.08，<0.001，以及= +1.24，<0.001）。有与记者接触的历史、较短的专业经验（<3年）以及对维特效应、帕帕盖诺效应和WHO建议的先验知识，在基线时与更高的未加权分数和加权分数显著相关。后两个变量也预测了加权分数在T0 - T1时的更大改善。这些结果表明，MMT可能有效地提高精神科医生引导记者对自杀事件进行更负责任的媒体报道的能力。作为一项简短、易于实施的教育活动，因此可以将MMT与其他措施结合起来考虑，以帮助媒体专业人员减轻维特效应并促进帕帕盖诺效应。
