Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
Comp Med. 2021 Oct 1;71(5):359-368. doi: 10.30802/AALAS-CM-21-000062. Epub 2021 Oct 5.
The significant advances made by the global scientific community during the COVID-19 pandemic, exemplified by the development of multiple SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in less than 1 y, were made possible in part because of animal research. Historically, animals have been used to study the characterization, treatment, and prevention of most of the major infectious disease outbreaks that humans have faced. From the advent of modern 'germ theory' prior to the 1918 Spanish Flu pandemic through the more recent Ebola and Zika virus outbreaks, research that uses animals has revealed or supported key discoveries in disease pathogenesis and therapy development, helping to save lives during crises. Here we summarize the role of animal research in past pandemic and epidemic response efforts, as well as current and future considerations for animal research in the context of infectious disease research.
在 COVID-19 大流行期间，全球科学界取得了重大进展，例如在不到 1 年的时间内开发了多种 SARS-CoV-2 疫苗，这在一定程度上要归功于动物研究。从历史上看，动物一直被用于研究人类所面临的大多数重大传染病的特征、治疗和预防。从 1918 年西班牙流感大流行之前现代“细菌理论”的出现，到最近的埃博拉和寨卡病毒爆发，使用动物进行的研究揭示或支持了疾病发病机制和治疗开发方面的关键发现，有助于在危机期间拯救生命。在这里，我们总结了动物研究在过去的大流行和流行病应对工作中的作用，以及在传染病研究背景下当前和未来对动物研究的考虑。
