胰岛素抵抗男性对训练的代谢反应性取决于胰岛素敏感性和外泌体的蛋白质含量。

Metabolic responsiveness to training depends on insulin sensitivity and protein content of exosomes in insulin-resistant males.

作者信息

Apostolopoulou Maria, Mastrototaro Lucia, Hartwig Sonja, Pesta Dominik, Straßburger Klaus, de Filippo Elisabetta, Jelenik Tomas, Karusheva Yanislava, Gancheva Sofiya, Markgraf Daniel, Herder Christian, Nair K Sreekumaran, Reichert Andreas S, Lehr Stefan, Müssig Karsten, Al-Hasani Hadi, Szendroedi Julia, Roden Michael

机构信息

Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.

Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.

出版信息

Sci Adv. 2021 Oct 8;7(41):eabi9551. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abi9551.

High-intensity interval training (HIIT) improves cardiorespiratory fitness (VOmax), but its impact on metabolism remains unclear. We hypothesized that 12-week HIIT increases insulin sensitivity in males with or without type 2 diabetes [T2D and NDM (nondiabetic humans)]. However, despite identically higher VOmax, mainly insulin-resistant (IR) persons (T2D and IR NDM) showed distinct alterations of circulating small extracellular vesicles (SEVs) along with lower inhibitory metabolic (protein kinase Cε activity) or inflammatory (nuclear factor κB) signaling in muscle of T2D or IR NDM, respectively. This is related to the specific alterations in SEV proteome reflecting down-regulation of the phospholipase C pathway (T2D) and up-regulated antioxidant capacity (IR NDM). Thus, SEV cargo may contribute to modulating the individual metabolic responsiveness to exercise training in humans.

高强度间歇训练（HIIT）可改善心肺功能（最大摄氧量），但其对新陈代谢的影响仍不明确。我们推测，12周的HIIT可提高患有或未患2型糖尿病的男性（2型糖尿病患者和非糖尿病个体）的胰岛素敏感性。然而，尽管最大摄氧量同样较高，但主要是胰岛素抵抗（IR）人群（2型糖尿病患者和胰岛素抵抗非糖尿病个体）的循环小细胞外囊泡（SEV）出现了明显变化，同时2型糖尿病患者或胰岛素抵抗非糖尿病个体肌肉中的抑制性代谢（蛋白激酶Cε活性）或炎症（核因子κB）信号分别降低。这与SEV蛋白质组的特定变化有关，这些变化反映了磷脂酶C途径的下调（2型糖尿病患者）和抗氧化能力的上调（胰岛素抵抗非糖尿病个体）。因此，SEV的货物可能有助于调节人类对运动训练的个体代谢反应。